The Private LTE & 5G Network Ecosystem: 2020 - 2030 - Opportunities, Challenges, Strategies, Industry Verticals & Forecasts

  Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction	43
1.1	Executive Summary	43
1.2	Topics Covered	46
1.3	Forecast Segmentation	48
1.4	Key Questions Answered	50
1.5	Key Findings	52
1.6	Methodology	56
1.7	Target Audience	57
1.8	Companies & Organizations Mentioned	58
		
Chapter 2: An Overview of Private LTE/5G Networks	64
2.1	Private Wireless Networks	64
2.1.1	Addressing the Needs of the Critical Communications Industry	64
2.1.2	The Limitations of LMR (Land Mobile Radio) Networks	65
2.1.3	Growing Use of Commercial Mobile Broadband Technologies	66
2.1.4	Connectivity Requirements for the Industrial IoT (Internet of Things)	67
2.1.5	Localized Mobile Networks for Buildings, Campuses & Public Venues	67
2.2	LTE & 5G for Private Networking	68
2.2.1	Why LTE & 5G?	68
2.2.2	Performance Metrics	69
2.2.3	Coexistence, Interoperability and Spectrum Flexibility	69
2.2.4	A Thriving Ecosystem of Chipsets, Devices & Network Equipment	70
2.2.5	Economic Feasibility of Operation	70
2.2.6	Moving Towards LTE-Advanced & LTE-Advanced Pro	71
2.2.7	Private LTE Support in LTE-Advanced Pro	71
2.2.8	5G NR (New Radio) Capabilities & Usage Scenarios	72
2.2.8.1	eMBB (Enhanced Mobile Broadband)	73
2.2.8.2	URLCC (Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications)	73
2.2.8.3	mMTC (Massive Machine-Type Communications)	74
2.3	Private LTE & 5G Network Operational Models	75
2.3.1	Independent Private Network	75
2.3.2	Managed Private Network	76
2.3.3	Shared Core Private Network	77
2.3.4	Hybrid Commercial-Private Network	78
2.3.5	Private MVNO: Commercial Network with a Private Mobile Core	79
2.3.6	Other Approaches	80
2.4	Key Applications of Private LTE & 5G Networks	80
2.4.1	Secure & Seamless Mobile Broadband Access	80
2.4.2	Bandwidth-Intensive & Latency-Sensitive Field Applications	80
2.4.3	Bulk Multimedia & Data Transfers	81
2.4.4	In-Building Coverage & Capacity	81
2.4.5	Seamless Roaming & Mobile VPN Access	82
2.4.6	Mission-Critical HD Voice & Group Communications	82
2.4.7	Video & High-Resolution Imagery	83
2.4.8	Massive-Scale Video Surveillance & Analytics	84
2.4.9	Messaging & Presence Services	84
2.4.10	Location Services & Mapping	85
2.4.11	Command & Control Systems	85
2.4.12	Smart Grid Operations	86
2.4.13	Environmental Monitoring	86
2.4.14	Industrial Automation	87
2.4.15	Connected Robotics	87
2.4.16	Machine Vision	87
2.4.17	AR/VR (Augmented & Virtual Reality)	88
2.4.18	Telehealth & Remote Surgery	88
2.4.19	High-Speed Railway Connectivity	88
2.4.20	PIS (Passenger Information Systems)	89
2.4.21	Delay-Sensitive Control of Railway Infrastructure	89
2.4.22	In-Flight Connectivity for Passengers & Airline Operators	90
2.4.23	Maritime Connectivity for Vessels & Offshore Facilities	90
2.4.24	Telemetry, Control & Remote Diagnostics	90
2.4.25	Unmanned Ground, Marine & Aerial Vehicles	91
2.5	Market Drivers	92
2.5.1	Recognition of LTE & 5G as the De-Facto Platform for Wireless Connectivity	92
2.5.2	Spectral Efficiency & Bandwidth Flexibility	92
2.5.3	Regional Interoperability & Cost Efficiency	93
2.5.4	Endorsement from the Critical Communications Industry	93
2.5.5	Emergence of Unlicensed & Shared Spectrum Technologies	94
2.5.6	Growing Demand for High-Speed & Low-Latency Data Applications	94
2.5.7	Limited Coverage in Indoor, Industrial & Remote Environments	95
2.5.8	Favorable Licensing Schemes for Localized LTE & 5G Networks	95
2.5.9	Control over QoS (Quality-of-Service)	96
2.5.10	Privacy & Security	96
2.6	Market Barriers	97
2.6.1	Lack of Licensed Spectrum for Wide-Area Coverage	97
2.6.2	Funding Challenges for Large-Scale Networks	97
2.6.3	Technical Complexities of Implementation & Operation	98
2.6.4	Smaller Coverage Footprint Than Legacy LMR Systems	98
2.6.5	Competition from IEEE 802.16s, AeroMACS, WiGRID & Other Technologies	98
2.6.6	Delayed Standardization	99
		
Chapter 3: System Architecture & Technologies for Private LTE/5G Networks	100
3.1	Architectural Components of Private LTE & 5G Networks	100
3.1.1	UE (User Equipment)	101
3.1.2	E-UTRAN - LTE RAN (Radio Access Network)	102
3.1.2.1	eNBs - LTE Base Stations	102
3.1.3	NG-RAN - 5G NR (New Radio) Access Network	103
3.1.3.1	gNBs - 5G NR Base Stations	104
3.1.3.2	en-gNBs - Secondary Node 5G NR Base Stations	104
3.1.3.3	ng-eNBs - Next Generation LTE Base Stations	105
3.1.4	Transport Network	105
3.1.4.1	Backhaul	105
3.1.4.2	Fronthaul & Midhaul	105
3.1.5	EPC (Evolved Packet Core) - The LTE Mobile Core	105
3.1.5.1	SGW (Serving Gateway)	106
3.1.5.2	PGW (Packet Data Network Gateway)	106
3.1.5.3	MME (Mobility Management Entity)	106
3.1.5.4	HSS (Home Subscriber Server)	107
3.1.5.5	PCRF (Policy Charging and Rules Function)	107
3.1.6	5GC (5G Core)/NGC (Next-Generation Core)	107
3.1.6.1	AMF (Access & Mobility Management Function)	109
3.1.6.2	UPF (User Plane Function)	109
3.1.6.3	SMF (Session Management Function)	109
3.1.6.4	PCF (Policy Control Function)	110
3.1.6.5	NEF (Network Exposure Function)	110
3.1.6.6	NRF (Network Repository Function)	110
3.1.6.7	UDM (Unified Data Management)	110
3.1.6.8	UDR (Unified Data Repository)	111
3.1.6.9	AUSF (Authentication Server Function)	111
3.1.6.10	AF (Application Function)	111
3.1.6.11	NSSF (Network Slice Selection Function)	111
3.1.6.12	NWDAF (Network Data Analytics Function)	112
3.1.6.13	Other Elements	112
3.1.7	IMS (IP-Multimedia Subsystem), Application & Service Elements	113
3.1.7.1	IMS Core & VoLTE/VoNR	113
3.1.7.2	eMBMS/FeMBMS - Broadcasting/Multicasting over LTE/5G Networks	114
3.1.7.3	ProSe (Proximity Services)	115
3.1.7.4	Group Communication & Mission-Critical Services	115
3.1.8	Gateways for LTE/5G-External Network Interworking	116
3.2	Key Enabling Technologies & Concepts	117
3.2.1	Critical Communications	117
3.2.1.1	MCPTT (Mission-Critical PTT) Voice & Group Communications	117
3.2.1.2	Mission-Critical Video & Data	117
3.2.1.3	ProSe (Proximity Services) for D2D Connectivity & Communications	118
3.2.1.4	IOPS (Isolated E-UTRAN Operation for Public Safety)	119
3.2.1.5	Deployable LTE & 5G Systems	120
3.2.1.6	UE Enhancements	121
3.2.2	Industrial IoT	122
3.2.2.1	eMTC, NB-IoT & mMTC: Wide Area & High Density IoT Applications	122
3.2.2.2	Techniques for URLLC	123
3.2.2.3	TSN (Time Sensitive Networking)	123
3.2.3	QPP (QoS, Priority & Preemption)	124
3.2.4	High-Precision Positioning	124
3.2.5	End-to-End Security	125
3.2.6	Quantum Cryptography Technologies	126
3.2.7	Licensed Spectrum Sharing & Aggregation	126
3.2.8	Unlicensed & Shared Spectrum Usage	127
3.2.8.1	CBRS (Citizens Broadband Radio Service): Three-Tiered Sharing	127
3.2.8.2	LSA (Licensed Shared Access): Two-Tiered Sharing	128
3.2.8.3	sXGP (Shared Extended Global Platform): Non-Tiered Unlicensed Access	129
3.2.8.4	LTE-U/LAA (License Assisted Access) & eLAA (Enhanced LAA): Licensed & Unlicensed Spectrum Aggregation	129
3.2.8.5	MulteFire	130
3.2.8.6	5G NR-U	131
3.2.9	SDR (Software-Defined Radio)	131
3.2.10	Cognitive Radio & Spectrum Sensing	131
3.2.11	Wireless Connection Bonding	132
3.2.12	Network Sharing & Slicing	132
3.2.12.1	MOCN (Multi-Operator Core Network)	132
3.2.12.2	DECOR (Dedicated Core)	132
3.2.12.3	Network Slicing	133
3.2.13	Software-Centric Networking	134
3.2.13.1	NFV (Network Functions Virtualization)	134
3.2.13.2	SDN (Software Defined Networking)	134
3.2.14	Small Cells	135
3.2.15	C-RAN (Centralized RAN)	136
3.2.16	SON (Self-Organizing Networks)	137
3.2.17	MEC (Multi-Access Edge Computing)	137
3.2.18	Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning	138
3.2.19	Big Data & Advanced Analytics	139
		
Chapter 4: Vertical Markets, Case Studies & Private LTE/5G Engagements	140
4.1	Vertical Markets	140
4.1.1	Critical Communications & Industrial IoT	140
4.1.1.1	Public Safety	140
4.1.1.2	Military	142
4.1.1.3	Energy	143
4.1.1.4	Utilities	143
4.1.1.5	Mining	144
4.1.1.6	Transportation	145
4.1.1.7	Factories & Warehouses	146
4.1.1.8	Others	147
4.1.2	Enterprise & Campus Environments	148
4.1.3	Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts	148
4.2	Private LTE & 5G Network Case Studies	150
4.2.1	Agnico Eagle	150
4.2.2	Air France	152
4.2.3	ASTRID's BLM (Blue Light Mobile) Service	155
4.2.4	BBB (BB Backbone Corporation)	157
4.2.5	Beach Energy	159
4.2.6	Busan Transportation Corporation	162
4.2.7	China Southern Power Grid	164
4.2.8	Daimler/Mercedes-Benz Cars	166
4.2.9	EAN (European Aviation Network)	168
4.2.10	Elektro (Neoenergia/Iberdrola)	171
4.2.11	Enel Group	173
4.2.12	FirstNet (First Responder Network) Authority	176
4.2.13	France's PCSTORM Critical Communications Broadband Project	180
4.2.14	French Army	183
4.2.15	German Armed Forces (Bundeswehr)	186
4.2.16	Gold Fields	188
4.2.17	Halton Regional Police Service	190
4.2.18	Heathrow Airport	192
4.2.19	INET (Infrastructure Networks)	194
4.2.20	Kenyan Police Service	197
4.2.21	KMA (Korea Military Academy)	199
4.2.22	KRNA (Korea Rail Network Authority)	201
4.2.23	LG Chem	204
4.2.24	Nedaa	206
4.2.25	Ocado	208
4.2.26	PGA Tour	210
4.2.27	Port of Rotterdam	212
4.2.28	PSCA (Punjab Safe Cities Authority)	214
4.2.29	Qatar MOI (Ministry of Interior)	216
4.2.30	RESCAN (Canary Islands Network for Emergency and Security)	218
4.2.31	Rio Tinto Group	220
4.2.32	Rivas Vaciamadrid City Council	223
4.2.33	Royal Thai Police	225
4.2.34	Shanghai Police Department	228
4.2.35	South Korea’s Safe-Net (National Disaster Safety Communications Network)	230
4.2.36	Southern Linc	233
4.2.37	Tampnet	236
4.2.38	U.S. Navy	239
4.2.39	Ukkoverkot	241
4.2.40	UN (United Nations)	245
4.2.41	United Kingdom’s ESN (Emergency Services Network)	247
4.2.42	Zhengzhou Metro	252
4.3	Review of Other Private LTE & 5G Network Engagements	254
4.3.1	Asia Pacific	254
4.3.1.1	Bangladesh	254
4.3.1.2	Australia	254
4.3.1.3	China	256
4.3.1.4	Hong Kong	258
4.3.1.5	India	258
4.3.1.6	Indonesia	259
4.3.1.7	Japan	260
4.3.1.8	Laos	261
4.3.1.9	Malaysia	262
4.3.1.10	New Zealand	262
4.3.1.11	Pakistan	263
4.3.1.12	Philippines	264
4.3.1.13	Singapore	265
4.3.1.14	South Korea	266
4.3.1.15	Thailand	269
4.3.1.16	Other Countries	270
4.3.2	Europe	270
4.3.2.1	Austria	270
4.3.2.2	Belgium	271
4.3.2.3	Czech Republic	271
4.3.2.4	Denmark	272
4.3.2.5	Estonia	272
4.3.2.6	Finland	273
4.3.2.7	France	274
4.3.2.8	Germany	278
4.3.2.9	Hungary	280
4.3.2.10	Ireland	280
4.3.2.11	Italy	281
4.3.2.12	Netherlands	282
4.3.2.13	Norway	285
4.3.2.14	Poland	286
4.3.2.15	Portugal	286
4.3.2.16	Russia	286
4.3.2.17	Serbia	288
4.3.2.18	Slovenia	288
4.3.2.19	Spain	289
4.3.2.20	Sweden	291
4.3.2.21	Switzerland	293
4.3.2.22	Turkey	294
4.3.2.23	United Kingdom	295
4.3.2.24	Other Countries	298
4.3.3	Latin & Central America	298
4.3.3.1	Argentina	298
4.3.3.2	Bolivia	299
4.3.3.3	Brazil	299
4.3.3.4	Chile	301
4.3.3.5	Colombia	301
4.3.3.6	Ecuador	302
4.3.3.7	Mexico	302
4.3.3.8	Peru	303
4.3.3.9	Trinidad & Tobago	304
4.3.3.10	Venezuela	304
4.3.3.11	Other Countries	305
4.3.4	Middle East & Africa	305
4.3.4.1	Algeria	305
4.3.4.2	Cameroon	306
4.3.4.3	Côte d'Ivoire	306
4.3.4.4	Egypt	306
4.3.4.5	Ethiopia	306
4.3.4.6	GCC (Gulf Corporation Council) Countries	306
4.3.4.6.1	Oman	306
4.3.4.6.2	Qatar	307
4.3.4.6.3	Saudi Arabia	307
4.3.4.6.4	United Arab Emirates	308
4.3.4.7	Ghana	310
4.3.4.8	Iraq	310
4.3.4.9	Israel	310
4.3.4.10	Jordan	311
4.3.4.11	Kenya	311
4.3.4.12	Lebanon	312
4.3.4.13	Madagascar	312
4.3.4.14	Mali	312
4.3.4.15	Mauritius	312
4.3.4.16	Morocco	312
4.3.4.17	Nigeria	313
4.3.4.18	Republic of the Congo	313
4.3.4.19	South Africa	313
4.3.4.20	Zambia	314
4.3.4.21	Other Countries	315
4.3.5	North America	315
4.3.5.1	Canada	315
4.3.5.2	United States	318
		
Chapter 5: Spectrum Availability, Allocation & Usage	324
5.1	Frequency Bands for Private LTE & 5G Networks	324
5.1.1	Licensed Spectrum for Local, Regional & National Private Networks	324
5.1.1.1	200/230 MHz	324
5.1.1.2	400/420/450 MHz	325
5.1.1.3	600 MHz	327
5.1.1.4	700 MHz	327
5.1.1.5	800 MHz	329
5.1.1.6	900 MHz	330
5.1.1.7	1.4 GHz	330
5.1.1.8	1.8 GHz	331
5.1.1.9	1.9 GHz	332
5.1.1.10	2.1 GHz	333
5.1.1.11	2.3 GHz	333
5.1.1.12	2.4 GHz	333
5.1.1.13	2.5 GHz	334
5.1.1.14	2.6 GHz	334
5.1.1.15	3.5 GHz	335
5.1.1.16	3.6 GHz	335
5.1.1.17	3.7 GHz	336
5.1.1.18	4.6 - 4.8 GHz	336
5.1.1.19	4.9 GHz	336
5.1.1.20	5.9 GHz	337
5.1.1.21	26 GHz	337
5.1.1.22	28 GHz	338
5.1.1.23	Other Bands	338
5.1.2	Shared Access Spectrum	339
5.1.2.1	2.3 GHz LSA Band	339
5.1.2.2	3.5 GHz (3.55 - 3.7 GHz) CBRS Band	339
5.1.2.3	3.7 - 4.2 GHz C-Band	340
5.1.2.4	8 GHz	340
5.1.2.5	26 GHz	341
5.1.2.6	28 GHz	341
5.1.2.7	37 GHz	341
5.1.2.8	Others Bands	341
5.1.3	License Exempt Spectrum	342
5.1.3.1	470/800/900 MHz	342
5.1.3.2	1.8 GHz DECT Guard Band	342
5.1.3.3	1.9 GHz sXGP/DECT Band	343
5.1.3.4	2.4 GHz	343
5.1.3.5	5 GHz	343
5.1.3.6	6 GHz (5.925 - 7.125 GHz)	344
5.1.3.7	57 - 71 GHz	344
5.1.3.8	Other Bands	344
5.2	Spectrum Regulation, Sharing & Management	345
5.2.1	National Frequency Regulators	345
5.2.1.1	Identification & Allocation of Spectrum for Private LTE/5G Networks	345
5.2.2	ITU-R (International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication Sector)	345
5.2.2.1	International & Regional Harmonization of Spectrum	345
5.2.3	CEPT (European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations)	346
5.2.3.1	ECC (Electronic Communications Committee): Common Policies for Private LTE/5G Spectrum in Europe	346
5.2.3.2	Broadband PPDR (Public Protection and Disaster Relief) Networks	347
5.2.3.3	Radio Spectrum for Railway Applications	347
5.2.4	ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)	348
5.2.4.1	Standards for the Implementation of LSA (Licensed Shared Access)	348
5.2.5	450 MHz Alliance	348
5.2.5.1	Promoting the Use of 450 MHz for LTE Networks	348
5.2.6	CBRS Alliance	349
5.2.6.1	OnGo Certification Program	349
5.2.7	DSA (Dynamic Spectrum Alliance)	349
5.2.7.1	Advocacy Efforts for the Dynamic Sharing of Spectrum	350
5.2.8	MulteFire Alliance	350
5.2.8.1	Release 1.0: LTE Operation in the Unlicensed 5 GHz Band	350
5.2.8.2	Release 1.1: Support for Industrial IoT & Sub-1/1.9/2.4 GHz Spectrum Bands	350
5.2.9	WInnForum (Wireless Innovation Forum)	351
5.2.9.1	SSC (Spectrum Sharing Committee): CBRS Standards	351
5.2.9.2	Other Committees	352
5.2.10	XGP (eXtended Global Platform) Forum	352
5.2.10.1	Development & Promotion of the sXGP Unlicensed LTE Service	352
		
Chapter 6: Standardization, Regulatory & Collaborative Initiatives	353
6.1	3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project)	353
6.1.1	Releases 11-14: Public Safety & Critical Communications Features	354
6.1.2	Releases 13 & 14: eMTC, NB-IoT & Unlicensed Spectrum Support	355
6.1.3	Release 15: 5G NR, Mission-Critical Service Enhancements, & Additional Operating Bands	355
6.1.4	Release 16: 5G URLLC for Industrial IoT, 3GPP-LMR Interworking & Railway/Maritime Communications	357
6.1.5	Release 17 & Beyond: 5G-Based Direct Mode, Broadcast & New Vertical Applications	359
6.2	5G PPP (5G Infrastructure Public Private Partnership)/5G-IA (5G Infrastructure Association)	360
6.2.1	Private 5G-Related Activities	360
6.3	5G-ACIA (5G Alliance for Connected Industries and Automation)	361
6.3.1	Industrial Domain Requirements in 5G Standardization, Regulation, Spectrum Allocation & Operator Models	361
6.4	AGURRE (Association of Major Users of Operational Radio Networks, France)	362
6.4.1	Advocacy Efforts for Private LTE/5G Networks in the Transportation & Energy Sectors	362
6.5	APCO (Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials) International	362
6.5.1	Public Safety LTE/5G Advocacy Efforts	363
6.5.2	ANS 2.106.1-2019: Standard for PSG (Public Safety Grade) Site Hardening Requirements	363
6.6	ATIS (Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions)	363
6.6.1	Standardization Efforts Relevant to Private & Critical Communications LTE/5G Networks	364
6.7	BTG (Dutch Association of Large-Scale ICT & Telecommunications Users)	364
6.7.1	KMBG (Dutch Critical Mobile Broadband Users) Expert Group	365
6.7.2	Private LTE /5G-Related Lobbying Efforts	365
6.8	B-TrunC (Broadband Trunking Communication) Industry Alliance	365
6.8.1	B-TrunC Standard for LTE-Based Critical Communications	365
6.9	CAMET (China Association of Metros)	366
6.9.1	Adoption of LTE as the Communications Standard for Urban Rail Systems	366
6.9.2	LTE-M: Specification for Urban Rail Transit Onboard-to-Wayside Communications	366
6.10	CEA (Canadian Electricity Association)	367
6.10.1	PVNO (Private Virtual Network Operator) System for Electric Utilities	367
6.11	CRC (Communications Research Centre Canada)	367
6.11.1	Interoperability Research and Evaluation of Public Safety LTE/5G Networks	367
6.12	DRDC (Defence Research and Development Canada)	368
6.12.1	R&D Efforts in Public Safety & Military LTE/5G Networks	368
6.13	ENTELEC (Energy Telecommunications and Electrical Association)	369
6.13.1	Policy Advocacy & Other Activities Related to Private LTE/5G Networks	369
6.14	ERA (European Union Agency for Railways)	369
6.14.1	Project on the Evolution of Railway Radio Communication	369
6.15	ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)	370
6.15.1	TCCE (TETRA and Critical Communications Evolution) Technical Committee	370
6.15.1.1	Standards & Guidelines for Critical Communications Broadband	371
6.15.2	CTI (Center for Testing and Interoperability)	372
6.15.2.1	MCX (Mission-Critical PTT, Video & Data) Plugtests	372
6.15.3	TC RT (Technical Committee for Rail Telecommunications)	372
6.15.3.1	FRMCS (Future Railway Mobile Communication System)-Related Standardization Activities	372
6.15.4	Other Technical Committees & Private LTE/5G-Related Standards	373
6.16	EUTC (European Utilities Telecom Council)	373
6.16.1	LTE & 5G-Related Work	373
6.17	EWA (Enterprise Wireless Alliance)	373
6.17.1	Frequency Coordination & Spectrum Advocacy for Private Wireless Networks	374
6.18	GCF (Global Certification Forum)	374
6.18.1	Certification of LTE/5G Devices for Public Safety & Other Critical Communications Networks	374
6.19	Home Office, United Kingdom	375
6.19.1	Public Safety LTE/5G Standardization Efforts	375
6.20	IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)	376
6.20.1	Standards & Protocols for Mission-Critical Services over LTE & 5G Networks	376
6.21	IGOF (International Governmental Operators’ Forum)	376
6.21.1	Addressing Broadband-Related Issues in Critical Communications	376
6.22	JRC (Joint Radio Company)	377
6.22.1	Frequency Management for Private Radio Networks	377
6.22.2	Spectrum Advocacy for the United Kingdom's Utility Operators	377
6.22.3	Addressing the Impact of 5G on Electric Utilities	378
6.23	KRRI (Korea Railroad Research Institute)	378
6.23.1	LTE-Based KRTCS (Korean Radio-Based Train Control System)	378
6.24	MCOP (Mission-Critical Open Platform)	378
6.24.1	Open Platform for the Development of Standards-Compliant MCPTT Applications	379
6.25	PSBTA (Public Safety Broadband Technology Association)	379
6.25.1	Public Safety LTE/5G-Related Activities	379
6.26	PSCE (Public Safety Communications Europe)	380
6.26.1	Public Safety LTE/5G Standardization	380
6.26.2	BroadX Projects: Pan-European Interoperable Broadband Mobile System for Public Safety	380
6.27	PSCR (Public Safety Communications Research) Program	383
6.27.1	Technology Development & Standardization Efforts for Public Safety LTE/5G	383
6.28	PSTA (Public Safety Technology Alliance)	384
6.28.1	Certified Open Standards & APIs for Public Safety Communications	384
6.29	Public Safety Canada	384
6.29.1	Participation in the Federal PSBN (Public Safety Broadband Network) Task Team	384
6.30	Safe-Net Forum	385
6.30.1	Guidance & Ecosystem Development for Public Safety LTE Networks	385
6.31	SCF (Small Cell Forum)	386
6.31.1	Specifications for Enterprise & Unlicensed Small Cells	386
6.32	Seamless Air Alliance	386
6.32.1	Technical Specifications and Recommendations for In-Flight LTE & 5G Connectivity	387
6.33	Shift2Rail	387
6.33.1	Railway Communications-Related R&D Efforts	387
6.33.1.1	TD (Technical Demonstrator) 2.1: Development of a New Communication System	388
6.34	TCCA (The Critical Communications Association)	388
6.34.1	CCBG (Critical Communications Broadband Group)	389
6.34.2	BIG (Broadband Industry Group)	389
6.35	TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association)	390
6.35.1	TR-8.8: Subcommittee on Broadband Data Systems	390
6.36	TTA (Telecommunications Technology Association, South Korea)	390
6.36.1	Functional Requirements for Public Safety LTE	390
6.36.2	LTE-R (LTE Based Railway Communication System)	391
6.36.3	LTE-M (LTE-Maritime)	391
6.37	U.S. NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology)	391
6.37.1	CTL (Communications Technology Laboratory): R&D Leadership for FirstNet	392
6.38	U.S. NPSTC (National Public Safety Telecommunications Council)	392
6.38.1	Early Leadership in Public Safety LTE	393
6.38.2	LMR-LTE Integration, Deployable Systems & Other Work	393
6.39	U.S. NTIA (National Telecommunications and Information Administration)	393
6.39.1	FirstNet Governance & Funding	393
6.39.2	Other Work Related to Private & Critical Communications LTE/5G Networks	394
6.40	UBBA (Utility Broadband Alliance)	394
6.40.1	Efforts to Advance Private Broadband Networks for Utilities	394
6.41	UIC (International Union of Railways)	395
6.41.1	Replacing GSM-R with Next-Generation Wireless Technologies	395
6.41.2	FRMCS (Future Railway Mobile Communication System) Project	395
6.42	UNIFE (The European Rail Supply Industry Association)	396
6.42.1	UNITEL Committee: Development & Implementation of Future Interoperable Railway Communications Systems	396
6.43	UTC (Utilities Technology Council)	397
6.43.1	LTE & 5G-Related Advocacy, Technology Development & Policy Efforts	397
6.44	UTCAL (Utilities Telecom & Technology Council América Latina)	397
6.44.1	Promoting the Adoption of Private LTE/5G Systems for Latin American Utilities	398
6.45	Vendor-Led Alliances	398
6.45.1	Huawei's eLTE Industry Alliance	398
6.45.2	Nokia's Mission Critical Communications Alliance	398
6.45.3	L3Harris' Mission Critical Alliance	399
6.46	Others	399
6.46.1	National Government Agencies & Regulators	399
6.46.2	Regional & Country-Specific Associations	400
6.46.3	Global Industry Associations & Organizations	401
		
Chapter 7: Future Roadmap & Value Chain	404
7.1	Future Roadmap	404
7.1.1	Pre-2020: Continued Investments for Both Mission & Business Critical Needs	404
7.1.2	2020 - 2025: Commercial Maturity of Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum & Private 5G Infrastructure	407
7.1.3	2025 - 2030: Mass-Market Adoption of Private LTE/5G Networks for Vertical Industries	408
7.2	Value Chain	408
7.2.1	Enabling Technology Providers	409
7.2.2	RAN, Mobile Core & Transport Infrastructure Suppliers	410
7.2.3	Terminal Equipment Vendors	410
7.2.4	System Integrators	410
7.2.5	Application Developers	410
7.2.6	Test, Measurement & Performance Specialists	411
7.2.7	Mobile Operators	411
7.2.8	MVNOs	411
7.2.9	Vertical Industries, Enterprises & Other End Users	411
		
Chapter 8: Key Ecosystem Players	413
8.1	4K Solutions	413
8.2	ABB	415
8.3	Accelleran	416
8.4	Accton Technology Corporation/IgniteNet	417
8.5	Accuver/Qucell/InnoWireless	418
8.6	Ace Technologies Corporation	420
8.7	AceAxis	421
8.8	Adax	422
8.9	ADLINK Technology	423
8.10	ADRF (Advanced RF Technologies)	424
8.11	ADTRAN	425
8.12	ADVA Optical Networking	427
8.13	Advantech	428
8.14	Aegex Technologies	429
8.15	Affarii Technologies	430
8.16	Affirmed Networks	431
8.17	Airbus/SLC (Secure Land Communications)	432
8.18	Airgain	434
8.19	Airrays	435
8.20	Airspan Networks/Dense Air/Mimosa Networks	436
8.21	Airwavz Solutions	438
8.22	Alea/Talkway	439
8.23	Alepo	440
8.24	Alliander (450connect/Utility Connect)	441
8.25	Allied Telesis	442
8.26	Alpha Networks	443
8.27	Alpha Technologies/EnerSys	444
8.28	Alstom	445
8.29	Altaeros	446
8.30	Altair Semiconductor	447
8.31	ALTÁN Redes	448
8.32	Altice USA	449
8.33	Altiostar Networks	450
8.34	Altran	451
8.35	Alvarion Technologies/SuperCom	453
8.36	AM Telecom	455
8.37	Amarisoft	456
8.38	Amazon	457
8.39	Ambra Solutions/Ecotel	458
8.40	Amdocs	460
8.41	American Tower Corporation	462
8.42	Amit Wireless	463
8.43	Amphenol Corporation	464
8.44	Anktion (Fujian) Technology	465
8.45	Anritsu Corporation	466
8.46	ANS (Advanced Network Services)	467
8.47	Antenna Company	468
8.48	Anterix (pdvWireless)	469
8.49	Apple	470
8.50	Aqura Technologies (Veris)	471
8.51	Arcadyan Technology Corporation	472
8.52	Archos	473
8.53	Arete M	474
8.54	Argela/Netsia	475
8.55	ArgoNET	477
8.56	ARM	478
8.57	Arqiva	479
8.58	Artemis Networks/Rearden	480
8.59	Artesyn Embedded Computing/SMART Global Holdings	481
8.60	Artiza Networks	482
8.61	ASELSAN	483
8.62	ASOCS	485
8.63	Assured Wireless Corporation	486
8.64	ASTRI (Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute)	487
8.65	ASUS (ASUSTeK Computer)/Askey Computer Corporation/Aaeon Technology	489
8.66	AT&T	490
8.67	Atel Antennas	491
8.68	Athonet	492
8.69	ATN International/Geoverse	493
8.70	Atos/Air-Lynx	494
8.71	AttoCore	495
8.72	Avanti Communications Group	496
8.73	AVI	497
8.74	Aviat Networks	498
8.75	Axon	500
8.76	Axxcelera Broadband Wireless (Axxcss Wireless Solutions)	501
8.77	Axxcss Wireless Solutions	502
8.78	Azcom Technology	503
8.79	Azetti Networks	504
8.80	BAE Systems	505
8.81	BAI Communications/Transit Wireless	506
8.82	Baicells Technologies	507
8.83	BandRich	508
8.84	BandwidthX	509
8.85	Barrett Communications	510
8.86	BARTEC/Pixavi	511
8.87	BATS (Broadband Antenna Tracking Systems)	512
8.88	Baylin Technologies (Galtronics Corporation, Advantech Wireless, Alga Microwave)	513
8.89	BCE (Bell Canada)	515
8.90	BEC Technologies	516
8.91	Beeper Communications	517
8.92	Benetel	518
8.93	BesoVideo	519
8.94	Billion Electric	520
8.95	Bird Technologies	521
8.96	Bittium Corporation	522
8.97	Black & Veatch	524
8.98	Black Box Corporation	525
8.99	Blackned	526
8.100	Blue Danube Systems	527
8.101	Blue Wireless	528
8.102	Bluebird	529
8.103	BLUnet (Axpo WZ-Systems)	530
8.104	Boingo Wireless	531
8.105	Bombardier	532
8.106	Booz Allen Hamilton	533
8.107	Bouygues Telecom	534
8.108	Boxchip	535
8.109	Broadcom	536
8.110	BroadForward	537
8.111	Broadpeak	538
8.112	BTI Wireless	539
8.113	Bullitt/Cat Phones (Caterpillar)/Land Rover Explore	540
8.114	Bureau Veritas/7Layers	541
8.115	BVSystems (Berkeley Varitronics Systems)	542
8.116	C Spire	543
8.117	CableFree (Wireless Excellence)	544
8.118	CableLabs/Kyrio	545
8.119	CACI International/LGS Innovations	546
8.120	CalAmp/LoJack	548
8.121	Cambium Networks	549
8.122	Cambridge Consultants	550
8.123	CapX Nederland	551
8.124	Casa Systems/NetComm Wireless	552
8.125	Casio Computer Company	554
8.126	CCI (Communication Components Inc.)/BLiNQ Networks	555
8.127	CCI Systems	556
8.128	CCN (Cirrus Core Networks)	557
8.129	CellAntenna Corporation	558
8.130	Cellnex Telecom	559
8.131	cellXica	560
8.132	Centerline Communications	561
8.133	Ceragon Networks	562
8.134	Challenge Networks	563
8.135	Charter Communications	564
8.136	Chemring Technology Solutions	565
8.137	Cheytec Telecommunications	566
8.138	China Mobile	567
8.139	China Telecom	568
8.140	China Unicom	569
8.141	CHPC (Cirtek Holdings Philippines Corporation)/ Quintel	570
8.142	CICT (China Information and Communication Technology Group)/China Xinke Group	571
8.143	Ciena Corporation	573
8.144	Cirpack	574
8.145	Cisco Systems	575
8.146	Cloudstreet	577
8.147	Cobham Wireless	578
8.148	Codan Communications	579
8.149	Coherent Logix	580
8.150	Collinear Networks	581
8.151	Collins Aerospace/United Technologies Corporation	582
8.152	Comba Telecom	583
8.153	Comcast Corporation	585
8.154	COMLAB	586
8.155	CommAgility	587
8.156	CommScope/ARRIS International/Ruckus Networks	588
8.157	Comrod Communication Group	590
8.158	Comtech Telecommunications Corporation	591
8.159	CONET Technologies	592
8.160	Connect Tech	593
8.161	Contela	594
8.162	Coolpad	595
8.163	Cornet Technology	596
8.164	Corning/SpiderCloud Wireless/iBwave Solutions	597
8.165	Cox Communications	599
8.166	Cradlepoint	600
8.167	Crown Castle International Corporation	601
8.168	CS Corporation	602
8.169	Cubic Corporation/Deltenna	603
8.170	CybertelBridge	604
8.171	Dali Wireless	605
8.172	DAMM Cellular Systems	606
8.173	DBcom	607
8.174	DEKRA	608
8.175	Dell Technologies	609
8.176	Delta/Agema	610
8.177	Dialogic	611
8.178	Digi International	612
8.179	Digital Bridge Holdings/Colony Capital	613
8.180	Digital Colony/Freshwave Group	614
8.181	D-Link Corporation	615
8.182	DMI	616
8.183	DragonWave-X	617
8.184	Druid Software	618
8.185	DT (Deutsche Telekom)	619
8.186	Duons	620
8.187	Durabook (Twinhead International Corporation)	621
8.188	Easycom (Shenzhen Easycom Electronics)	622
8.189	E-Band Communications (Axxcss Wireless Solutions)	623
8.190	EchoStar Corporation/Hughes Network Systems	624
8.191	ECI Telecom	625
8.192	Ecom Instruments/Pepperl+Fuchs	626
8.193	EE/BT Group	627
8.194	EION Wireless	628
8.195	Ekinops/OneAccess	629
8.196	Elbit Systems	630
8.197	Elefante Group	631
8.198	Elisa	632
8.199	Elistair	633
8.200	ELUON Corporation	634
8.201	Embraer	635
8.202	Emerson	636
8.203	Encore Networks	637
8.204	ENENSYS Technologies/Expway	638
8.205	Enexis	639
8.206	Epiroc	640
8.207	Ericsson	641
8.208	Essential Products	643
8.209	Estalky (K-Mobile Technology)	644
8.210	ETELM	645
8.211	eTera Communication/Sinotech R&D Group	646
8.212	Etherstack	647
8.213	Ethertronics/AVX Corporation (Kyocera)	648
8.214	ETRI (Electronics & Telecommunications Research Institute, South Korea)	649
8.215	Etteplan	650
8.216	Excelerate Group	651
8.217	EXFO/Astellia	652
8.218	Expeto	653
8.219	ExteNet Systems	654
8.220	Eyecom Telecommunications Group	655
8.221	Facebook	656
8.222	Fairspectrum	659
8.223	Fairwaves	660
8.224	Fastback Networks (CBF Networks)	661
8.225	FCNT (Fujitsu Connected Technologies)/JEMS (Japan EM Solutions)	662
8.226	Federated Wireless	663
8.227	Fenix Group	665
8.228	Fibocom Wireless	666
8.229	Flash Private Mobile Networks	667
8.230	Flightcell International	668
8.231	Fraunhofer FOKUS (Institute for Open Communication Systems)	669
8.232	Fraunhofer HHI (Heinrich Hertz Institute)	670
8.233	Fraunhofer IIS (Institute for Integrated Circuits)	671
8.234	Fraunhofer IPT (Institute for Production Technology)	672
8.235	Frequentis	673
8.236	FRTek	674
8.237	Fujian BelFone Communications Technology	675
8.238	Fujitsu	676
8.239	Funk-Electronic Piciorgros	678
8.240	Funkwerk	679
8.241	Future Technologies Venture	680
8.242	GCT Semiconductor	681
8.243	GE (General Electric)	682
8.244	Gemalto (Thales)	683
8.245	Gemtek Technology	684
8.246	Genaker	685
8.247	General Dynamics Mission Systems	686
8.248	GenXComm	688
8.249	Geotab	689
8.250	Getac Technology Corporation	690
8.251	Gilat Satellite Networks	691
8.252	Globalstar	692
8.253	Gogo	693
8.254	Goodman Networks	694
8.255	Goodmill Systems	695
8.256	Google/Alphabet	696
8.257	Green Packet	698
8.258	GRENTECH	699
8.259	GroupTalk	700
8.260	GSI (GS Instech)/GST (GS Teletech)	701
8.261	GWT (Global Wireless Technologies)	702
8.262	Halys	703
8.263	Handheld Group	704
8.264	HAPSMobile/AeroVironment	705
8.265	Harbor Max	706
8.266	HBFEC (Hebei Far East Communication System Engineering)	707
8.267	HCL Technologies	708
8.268	HFR	709
8.269	HISPASAT Group	710
8.270	Hitachi/Hitachi Rail STS	711
8.271	HMD Global	713
8.272	Hoimyung ICT	714
8.273	Hon Hai Precision Industry/Foxconn Technology Group/Sharp Corporation	715
8.274	Honeywell International	717
8.275	Hoverfly Technologies	718
8.276	HP	719
8.277	HPE (Hewlett Packard Enterprise)	720
8.278	HTC Corporation	722
8.279	Huawei/HiSilicon	723
8.280	Huber+Suhner	726
8.281	Hytera Communications/Sepura/Teltronic	727
8.282	IAI (Israel Aerospace Industries)/Elta Systems	729
8.283	IBM Corporation/Red Hat	730
8.284	Ice Group	732
8.285	Icom	733
8.286	IDEMIA	734
8.287	IDY Corporation	735
8.288	IMPTT	736
8.289	Indra	737
8.290	INET (Infrastructure Networks)	738
8.291	Infinera/Coriant	739
8.292	Infomark Corporation	740
8.293	Infovista	741
8.294	Inmarsat	742
8.295	Inrico (Shenzhen Inrico Electronics)	743
8.296	Inseego Corporation	744
8.297	Instant Connect	745
8.298	Intel Corporation	746
8.299	Intelsat	748
8.300	InterDigital	749
8.301	Interop Technologies	750
8.302	Intracom Telecom	751
8.303	IoT4Net	752
8.304	ip.access	753
8.305	IPITEK (Integrated Photonics Technology)	755
8.306	IPLOOK Networks	756
8.307	Iradio Electronics	757
8.308	Iridium Communications	758
8.309	ISCO International	759
8.310	Iskratel	760
8.311	IS-Wireless	761
8.312	Italtel/Exprivia	762
8.313	ITRI (Industrial Technology Research Institute, Taiwan)	763
8.314	IWT (Innovative Wireless Technologies)	764
8.315	Jaton Technology	765
8.316	JCI (Japan Communications Inc.)/Contour Networks	766
8.317	JMA Wireless/PHAZR	767
8.318	JRC (Japan Radio Company)	768
8.319	Juni Global	770
8.320	Juniper Networks	771
8.321	JVCKENWOOD Corporation/Zetron	772
8.322	Kalmar (Cargotec)	773
8.323	Kathrein Mobile Communication (Ericsson)	774
8.324	KBR	775
8.325	Key Bridge Wireless	776
8.326	Keysight Technologies	777
8.327	Kirisun Communications	779
8.328	Kisan Telecom	780
8.329	Klas Telecom	781
8.330	Klein Electronics	782
8.331	Kleos	783
8.332	KMW	784
8.333	Komatsu/Modular Mining Systems	785
8.334	Konecranes	786
8.335	KPN/KPN Critical Communications	787
8.336	KT Corporation	788
8.337	Kudelski Group	789
8.338	KUKA	790
8.339	Kumu Networks	791
8.340	K-Won/Hunter Technology	792
8.341	Kymeta Corporation	793
8.342	Kyocera Corporation	794
8.343	L3Harris Technologies	795
8.344	Landmark Dividend	797
8.345	LCR Embedded Systems	798
8.346	Leidos	799
8.347	Lemko Corporation	800
8.348	Lenovo/Motorola Mobility	801
8.349	Leonardo	803
8.350	LG Corporation/LG Electronics/LG Innotek	804
8.351	LG Uplus	805
8.352	Ligado Networks	806
8.353	Lime Microsystems	807
8.354	Lisheng Fujian Communications	808
8.355	Lociva	809
8.356	Lockheed Martin Corporation	810
8.357	LS telcom	811
8.358	Marlink Group	812
8.359	Martin UAV	813
8.360	Marvell Technology Group	814
8.361	Mavenir Systems	815
8.362	MediaTek	817
8.363	Mellanox Technologies	818
8.364	MER Group	819
8.365	Metaswitch Networks	820
8.366	Metro Network Services	821
8.367	Microlab	822
8.368	Microsoft Corporation	823
8.369	Microwave Networks	824
8.370	MitraStar Technology Corporation	825
8.371	Mitsubishi Electric Corporation	826
8.372	Mobile Tornado	827
8.373	MobileDemand	828
8.374	Mobilicom	829
8.375	Mobilitie	830
8.376	Motorola Solutions	831
8.377	MP Antenna	835
8.378	MTI (Microelectronics Technology, Inc.)	836
8.379	Multi-Tech Systems	837
8.380	Mushroom Networks	838
8.381	Mutualink	839
8.382	MVM NET	840
8.383	MYT Electronics	841
8.384	N.A.T.	842
8.385	Nash Technologies	844
8.386	NEC Corporation	845
8.387	Nemergent Solutions	847
8.388	Neolink Communications Technology	848
8.389	Neptune Mobile	849
8.390	Net1 International	850
8.391	Netas	851
8.392	NetCity (GEOS Telecom/GEOS Holding)	852
8.393	Netgear	853
8.394	NetMotion Software	854
8.395	NetNumber	855
8.396	NETSCOUT Systems	856
8.397	Neutral Connect Networks/Connectivity Wireless Solutions (M/C Partners)	857
8.398	New Postcom Equipment	858
8.399	Nextivity	859
8.400	NI (National Instruments)	860
8.401	Node-H	861
8.402	Nokia	862
8.403	Nominet	864
8.404	Nordic Telecom	865
8.405	Northrop Grumman Corporation	866
8.406	Nsight/Cellcom	867
8.407	Nubia Technology (ZTE)	868
8.408	NuRAN Wireless/Nutaq Innovation	869
8.409	NXP Semiconductors	870
8.410	Oceus Networks	871
8.411	Octasic	873
8.412	ODN (Orbital Data Network)	874
8.413	Omnitele	875
8.414	One2many	876
8.415	OneWeb	877
8.416	OPPO/Vivo/OnePlus/Realme (BBK Electronics Corporation)	878
8.417	Oracle Communications	879
8.418	Orange	880
8.419	Orion Labs	881
8.420	PacStar (Pacific Star Communications)	882
8.421	Panasonic Corporation/Panasonic Avionics Corporation/AeroMobile Communications	883
8.422	Panda Electronics	884
8.423	Panorama Antennas	885
8.424	Parallel Wireless	886
8.425	Parsons Corporation	887
8.426	Pavlov Media	888
8.427	PCTEL	889
8.428	PCTEST Lab (PCTEST Engineering Laboratory)	890
8.429	Pei Tel Communications/Peiker	891
8.430	Pentonet	892
8.431	Pepro	893
8.432	Perspecta Labs	894
8.433	Phluido	895
8.434	Pierson Wireless	896
8.435	Plover Bay Technologies (Peplink/Pepwave)	897
8.436	PoCStar (Shanli Tongyi Information Technology)	898
8.437	Polaris Networks	899
8.438	Potevio	900
8.439	PRESCOM	901
8.440	PrioCom	902
8.441	PTI (Persistent Telecom Inc.)/NetGenuity/RIVA Networks	903
8.442	Publicis Sapient	905
8.443	Puloli	906
8.444	Qinetiq	907
8.445	QuadGen Wireless Solutions	908
8.446	Qualcomm	909
8.447	Quanta Computer/QCT (Quanta Cloud Technology)	911
8.448	Quantum Wireless	912
8.449	Quectel Wireless Solutions	913
8.450	Qulsar	914
8.451	Quortus	915
8.452	RACOM Corporation	917
8.453	RAD Data Communications	918
8.454	Radio IP Software	919
8.455	Radisys Corporation/Reliance Industries	920
8.456	RADWIN	922
8.457	Rafael Advanced Defense Systems	923
8.458	Rajant Corporation	924
8.459	Range Networks	925
8.460	Raycap/STEALTH Concealment Solutions	926
8.461	Raytheon Company	927
8.462	Red Rover	928
8.463	RED Technologies	929
8.464	REDCOM Laboratories/IMSWorkX	930
8.465	Redline Communications	931
8.466	REMEC Broadband Wireless Networks/Bridgewave Communications/SAGE SatCom (Axxcss Wireless Solutions)	932
8.467	Rescue 42/PodRunner	933
8.468	RF Window	934
8.469	RFS (Radio Frequency Systems)	935
8.470	Ribbon Communications	936
8.471	Rivada Networks	937
8.472	Robert Bosch	938
8.473	Robustel	939
8.474	Rogers Communications	940
8.475	Rohde & Schwarz	941
8.476	Rohill	942
8.477	Rosenberger	943
8.478	RTX A/S	944
8.479	RugGear	945
8.480	Ruijie Networks	946
8.481	S&T/Kontron/Kapsch CarrierCom	947
8.482	Saab	948
8.483	SafeMobile	949
8.484	Safran/ZII (Zodiac Inflight Innovations)	950
8.485	SAI Technology	951
8.486	SAIC (Science Applications International Corporation)	952
8.487	Samji Electronics	953
8.488	Samsung	954
8.489	Sandvik	956
8.490	Sanjole	957
8.491	SBA Communications Corporation	958
8.492	Schneider Electric	959
8.493	Seowon Intech	960
8.494	Sequans Communications	961
8.495	Sercomm Corporation	962
8.496	SES	963
8.497	SFR/Altice France	964
8.498	SGS	965
8.499	Sharp Corporation/Dynabook (Foxconn)	966
8.500	Shentel (Shenandoah Telecommunications Company)	967
8.501	Shenzhen Recoda Technologies	968
8.502	SIAE Microelettronica/SM Optics	969
8.503	Siemens/Siemens Mobility	970
8.504	Sierra Wireless	971
8.505	Signal Information & Communication Corporation	972
8.506	Siklu Communication	973
8.507	Silicom SAS (France)	974
8.508	Simoco Wireless Solutions	975
8.509	Singtel/Optus	976
8.510	SiRRAN Communications	977
8.511	SITRONICS	978
8.512	Siyata Mobile/Uniden	979
8.513	SK Telecom	980
8.514	SK Telesys	981
8.515	SLA Corporation/ESChat	982
8.516	SmartSky Networks	983
8.517	SoftBank Group/BBB (BB Backbone Corporation)	984
8.518	Softil	985
8.519	SOLiD	986
8.520	Soliton Systems	987
8.521	Sonim Technologies	988
8.522	Sony Corporation/Sony Mobile Communications	989
8.523	Sooktha	991
8.524	Southern Linc	992
8.525	Space Data Corporation	993
8.526	Spectra Group	994
8.527	Speedcast International	995
8.528	SPIE Group	996
8.529	Spirent Communications	997
8.530	Sporton International	999
8.531	Sprint Corporation	1000
8.532	SRS (Software Radio Systems)	1001
8.533	ST Engineering iDirect	1002
8.534	Star Microwave	1003
8.535	Star Solutions	1004
8.536	Steep	1006
8.537	Steveco	1007
8.538	STMicroelectronics	1008
8.539	sTraffic	1009
8.540	StrattoOpencell (Digital Colony/Freshwave Group)	1010
8.541	StreamWIDE	1011
8.542	Sumitomo Electric Industries	1012
8.543	Sunsea AIoT/SIMCom Wireless Solutions/Longsung Technology	1013
8.544	Suzhou Aquila Solutions (Aquila Wireless)	1014
8.545	Swisscom/Swisscom Broadcast	1015
8.546	Syniverse Technologies	1016
8.547	System Innovation Group	1017
8.548	T&W (Shenzhen Gongjin Electronics)	1018
8.549	TacSat Networks	1019
8.550	Tait Communications	1020
8.551	Talk-IP International	1021
8.552	Talkpod Technology	1022
8.553	Tampa Microwave (Thales)	1023
8.554	Tampnet	1024
8.555	Tango Networks	1025
8.556	Taoglas	1026
8.557	TASSTA	1027
8.558	Tata Elxsi	1028
8.559	TCL Communication (TCL/Alcatel/BlackBerry)	1029
8.560	TCOM	1030
8.561	TD Tech	1031
8.562	Tech Mahindra	1032
8.563	Technicolor	1033
8.564	Tecom	1034
8.565	Tecore Networks	1035
8.566	TEKTELIC Communications	1036
8.567	Telco Systems/BATM Advanced Communications	1037
8.568	Teldat	1038
8.569	Tele2 Russia/SkyLink	1039
8.570	Telecom26	1040
8.571	Telefónica Group	1041
8.572	Telenor Group/Telenor Maritime	1042
8.573	Telespazio (Leonardo/Thales)	1043
8.574	TeleWare/PMN (Private Mobile Networks)	1044
8.575	Teleworld Solutions	1045
8.576	Telia Company	1046
8.577	Telit Communications	1047
8.578	Tellabs	1048
8.579	Telo Systems Corporation	1049
8.580	Telrad Networks	1050
8.581	Telstra	1051
8.582	Telus	1052
8.583	Teracom Group/Net1 Sweden (Netett Sverige)	1053
8.584	TESSCO Technologies/Ventev	1054
8.585	Thales	1055
8.586	TI (Texas Instruments)	1057
8.587	Tillman Infrastructure	1058
8.588	TIM (Telecom Italia Mobile)	1059
8.589	TLC Solutions	1060
8.590	T-Mobile US	1061
8.591	TOKIE Solutions/Irvees Technology	1062
8.592	Toshiba Corporation	1063
8.593	Trópico/CPqD (Center for Research and Development in Telecommunications, Brazil)	1064
8.594	Twilio/CND (Core Network Dynamics)	1065
8.595	U.S. Cellular	1066
8.596	UANGEL	1067
8.597	U-Blox	1068
8.598	Ubicquia	1069
8.599	UK Broadband/Three UK (CK Hutchison Holdings)	1070
8.600	Ukkoverkot	1071
8.601	UL	1072
8.602	UNIMO Technology	1073
8.603	Unisoc	1074
8.604	UniStrong	1075
8.605	URSYS	1076
8.606	Utility (Utility Associates)	1077
8.607	Vanu	1078
8.608	Verizon Communications	1079
8.609	Vertical Bridge	1080
8.610	Verveba Telecom	1081
8.611	Viasat	1082
8.612	Viavi Solutions	1083
8.613	VINCI Energies/Koning & Hartman/Sysoco	1085
8.614	VinSmart/Vingroup	1086
8.615	Virtualnetcom/VNC (Virtual Network Communications)	1087
8.616	Vislink Technologies	1088
8.617	Vivint Internet	1089
8.618	VMware	1090
8.619	VNL (Vihaan Networks Limited)	1091
8.620	Vodafone Group	1092
8.621	Voentelecom	1093
8.622	Volvo CE (Construction Equipment)	1094
8.623	Voxer	1095
8.624	VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland	1096
8.625	VVDN Technologies	1097
8.626	Wave Wireless	1098
8.627	Wavetel Technology	1099
8.628	Westell Technologies	1100
8.629	WH Bence Group	1101
8.630	Widelity	1102
8.631	WIG (Wireless Infrastructure Group)	1103
8.632	Wildox (Shenzhen Happy Technology)	1104
8.633	Wipro	1105
8.634	Wireless Logic Group	1106
8.635	Wireless Technologies Finland	1107
8.636	Wireless Telecom Group	1108
8.637	WNC (Wistron NeWeb Corporation)	1109
8.638	Wouxun (Quanzhou Wouxun Electronics)	1111
8.639	WTL (World Telecom Labs)	1112
8.640	Wytec International	1113
8.641	XCOM/M87	1114
8.642	Xiaomi Corporation	1115
8.643	Xilinx	1116
8.644	XipLink/Sevis Systems	1117
8.645	Yageo Corporation/Pulse Electronics	1118
8.646	Yanton (Quanzhou Yanton Electronics)	1119
8.647	Yokogawa Electric Corporation	1120
8.648	Z-Com	1121
8.649	Zcomax Technologies	1122
8.650	Zebra Technologies	1123
8.651	Zello	1124
8.652	ZenFi Networks	1125
8.653	Zetel Solutions	1126
8.654	Zinwave/McWane	1127
8.655	Zmtel (Shanghai Zhongmi Communication Technology)	1128
8.656	ZTE/Caltta	1129
8.657	Zyxel Communications Corporation	1131
		
Chapter 9: Market Sizing & Forecasts	1132
9.1	Global Outlook for Private LTE & 5G Network Investments	1132
9.2	Segmentation by Submarket	1133
9.2.1	RAN	1133
9.2.2	Mobile Core	1134
9.2.3	Backhaul & Transport	1134
9.3	Segmentation by Technology	1135
9.3.1	Private LTE	1135
9.3.1.1	RAN	1136
9.3.1.2	Mobile Core	1137
9.3.1.3	Backhaul & Transport	1137
9.3.2	Private 5G	1138
9.3.2.1	RAN	1138
9.3.2.2	Mobile Core	1139
9.3.2.3	Backhaul & Transport	1140
9.4	Segmentation by Spectrum Type	1141
9.4.1	Licensed Spectrum	1142
9.4.2	Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum	1143
9.5	Segmentation by Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Frequency Band	1144
9.5.1	1.9 GHz sXGP/DECT	1145
9.5.2	2.4 GHz	1146
9.5.3	3.5 GHz CBRS	1147
9.5.4	5 GHz	1148
9.5.5	Other Bands	1149
9.6	Segmentation by Vertical Market	1150
9.6.1	Critical Communications & Industrial IoT	1151
9.6.1.1	RAN	1152
9.6.1.2	Mobile Core	1153
9.6.1.3	Backhaul & Transport	1153
9.6.2	Public Safety	1154
9.6.2.1	RAN	1155
9.6.2.2	Mobile Core	1156
9.6.2.3	Backhaul & Transport	1156
9.6.3	Military	1157
9.6.3.1	RAN	1158
9.6.3.2	Mobile Core	1159
9.6.3.3	Backhaul & Transport	1159
9.6.4	Energy	1160
9.6.4.1	RAN	1161
9.6.4.2	Mobile Core	1162
9.6.4.3	Backhaul & Transport	1162
9.6.5	Utilities	1163
9.6.5.1	RAN	1164
9.6.5.2	Mobile Core	1165
9.6.5.3	Backhaul & Transport	1165
9.6.6	Mining	1166
9.6.6.1	RAN	1167
9.6.6.2	Mobile Core	1168
9.6.6.3	Backhaul & Transport	1168
9.6.7	Transportation	1169
9.6.7.1	RAN	1170
9.6.7.2	Mobile Core	1171
9.6.7.3	Backhaul & Transport	1171
9.6.8	Factories & Warehouses	1172
9.6.8.1	RAN	1173
9.6.8.2	Mobile Core	1174
9.6.8.3	Backhaul & Transport	1174
9.6.9	Other Critical Communications & Industrial IoT Sectors	1175
9.6.9.1	RAN	1176
9.6.9.2	Mobile Core	1177
9.6.9.3	Backhaul & Transport	1177
9.6.10	Enterprise & Campus Environments	1178
9.6.10.1	RAN	1179
9.6.10.2	Mobile Core	1180
9.6.10.3	Backhaul & Transport	1180
9.6.11	Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts	1181
9.6.11.1	RAN	1182
9.6.11.2	Mobile Core	1183
9.6.11.3	Backhaul & Transport	1183
9.7	Segmentation by Region	1184
9.7.1	Submarkets	1184
9.7.1.1	RAN	1184
9.7.1.2	Mobile Core	1185
9.7.1.3	Backhaul & Transport	1185
9.7.2	Vertical Markets	1186
9.7.2.1	Critical Communications & Industrial IoT	1186
9.7.2.2	Enterprise & Campus Environments	1189
9.7.2.3	Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts	1192
9.8	Asia Pacific	1195
9.8.1	Submarkets	1195
9.8.1.1	RAN	1195
9.8.1.2	Mobile Core	1196
9.8.1.3	Backhaul & Transport	1196
9.8.2	Vertical Markets	1197
9.8.2.1	Critical Communications & Industrial IoT	1197
9.8.2.2	Enterprise & Campus Environments	1200
9.8.2.3	Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts	1203
9.9	Eastern Europe	1206
9.9.1	Submarkets	1206
9.9.1.1	RAN	1206
9.9.1.2	Mobile Core	1207
9.9.1.3	Backhaul & Transport	1207
9.9.2	Vertical Markets	1208
9.9.2.1	Critical Communications & Industrial IoT	1208
9.9.2.2	Enterprise & Campus Environments	1211
9.9.2.3	Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts	1214
9.10	Latin & Central America	1217
9.10.1	Submarkets	1217
9.10.1.1	RAN	1217
9.10.1.2	Mobile Core	1218
9.10.1.3	Backhaul & Transport	1218
9.10.2	Vertical Markets	1219
9.10.2.1	Critical Communications & Industrial IoT	1219
9.10.2.2	Enterprise & Campus Environments	1222
9.10.2.3	Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts	1225
9.11	Middle East & Africa	1228
9.11.1	Submarkets	1228
9.11.1.1	RAN	1228
9.11.1.2	Mobile Core	1229
9.11.1.3	Backhaul & Transport	1229
9.11.2	Vertical Markets	1230
9.11.2.1	Critical Communications & Industrial IoT	1230
9.11.2.2	Enterprise & Campus Environments	1233
9.11.2.3	Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts	1236
9.12	North America	1239
9.12.1	Submarkets	1239
9.12.1.1	RAN	1239
9.12.1.2	Mobile Core	1240
9.12.1.3	Backhaul & Transport	1240
9.12.2	Vertical Markets	1241
9.12.2.1	Critical Communications & Industrial IoT	1241
9.12.2.2	Enterprise & Campus Environments	1244
9.12.2.3	Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts	1247
9.13	Western Europe	1250
9.13.1	Submarkets	1250
9.13.1.1	RAN	1250
9.13.1.2	Mobile Core	1251
9.13.1.3	Backhaul & Transport	1251
9.13.2	Vertical Markets	1252
9.13.2.1	Critical Communications & Industrial IoT	1252
9.13.2.2	Enterprise & Campus Environments	1255
9.13.2.3	Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts	1258
		
Chapter 10: Conclusion & Strategic Recommendations	1261
10.1	Why is the Market Poised to Grow?	1261
10.2	Competitive Industry Landscape: Acquisitions, Consolidation & Strategic Alliances	1262
10.3	Which Licensed Spectrum Bands Dominate the Market?	1263
10.3.1	Sub-500 MHz Bands	1263
10.3.2	700/800/900 MHz	1264
10.3.3	1.4 - 3.8 GHz	1264
10.3.4	Higher Frequencies	1264
10.4	Evolving Regulatory Environment for Spectrum Licensing	1265
10.5	Prospects of Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Networks	1266
10.6	Opportunities for Smaller Vendors & System Integrators	1268
10.7	Opening the Door to Industrial & Mission/Business-Critical IoT Services	1268
10.8	Delivering Ultra-Reliable, Low-Latency Wireless Connectivity for Industry 4.0	1269
10.9	Creating Smarter Cities with Dedicated Wireless Networks	1270
10.10	The Emergence of Private 5G Networks	1271
10.11	Practical Examples of Private 5G Network Applications	1272
10.11.1	UHD (Ultra-High Definition) Video Delivery	1272
10.11.2	Connected Robotics for Factory Automation	1272
10.11.3	Massive-Scale Sensor Networking	1273
10.11.4	AR-Assisted Industrial Applications	1273
10.11.5	VR-Based Military Training Programs	1273
10.11.6	AGVs (Automated Guided Vehicles)	1274
10.11.7	Automated Cranes & Terminal Tractors	1274
10.11.8	Remote Control of Heavy Construction Machinery	1274
10.11.9	Drones for Mission-Critical Services	1274
10.11.10	Teleprotection for Smart Grids	1275
10.11.11	Port & Terminal Automation	1275
10.11.12	5G-Equipped Robots for the Inspection of Gas Leaks	1276
10.11.13	Smart Helmets for Critical Inspections	1276
10.11.14	Predictive Pipe Maintenance	1276
10.12	Continued Investments in Private LTE Networks for Public Safety & Critical Communications	1277
10.13	When Will LTE & 5G NR Replace GSM-R for Railway Communications?	1278
10.14	The Role of Mobile Operators	1279
10.14.1	Operator Built & Managed Nationwide Public Safety Broadband Networks	1279
10.14.2	Private MVNO Arrangements	1279
10.14.3	Operator-Branded LTE/5G Critical Communications Platforms	1280
10.14.4	Local Private LTE/5G Networks as a Managed Service	1280
10.14.5	Private LTE/5G Data Processing with Edge Computing	1281
10.14.6	Logical Slicing of Mobile Operator Network Assets	1281
10.14.7	Dedicated Access to Licensed Spectrum	1281
10.14.8	BYON (Build-Your-Own-Network) Solutions	1282
10.15	The Importance of Roaming in Private LTE & 5G Networks	1283
10.16	Neutral-Host & Wholesale Operators: New Business Models with Private LTE/5G Networks	1283
10.17	Growing Adoption of Deployable LTE & 5G-Ready Systems	1284
10.18	Strategic Recommendations	1284
10.18.1	Vertical Industries & End Users	1284
10.18.2	LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Suppliers	1285
10.18.3	System Integrators	1286
10.18.4	Commercial & Private Mobile Operators	1286

List of Figures		
	
Figure 1: Basic Components of a Digital LMR Network	65
	Figure 2: LTE Connection Speed Compared to 3G & Wi-Fi Networks (Mbps)	69
	Figure 3: Global LTE & 5G Subscriptions: 2020 - 2030  (Millions)	70
	Figure 4: 5G Performance Requirements	72
	Figure 5: Independent Private LTE/5G Network	75
	Figure 6: Managed Private LTE/5G Network	76
	Figure 7: Shared Core Private LTE/5G Network	77
	Figure 8: Hybrid Commercial-Private LTE/5G Network	78
	Figure 9: Commercial LTE/5G Network with a Private Mobile Core	79
	Figure 10: Private LTE & 5G Network Architecture	100
	Figure 11: 5G NR-RAN Architecture	103
	Figure 12: 5GC (5G Core) Service-Based Architecture	108
	Figure 13: Sidelink Air Interface for ProSe (Proximity Services)	118
	Figure 14: Transition from Normal Backhaul Connectivity to Isolated E-UTRAN Operation	119
	Figure 15: Telefónica's Portable LTE NIB (Network-in-Box) System	120
	Figure 16: Use Cases of eMTC and NB-IoT Technologies	122
	Figure 17: End-to-End Security in Private LTE & 5G Networks	125
	Figure 18: Conceptual Architecture for End-to-End Network Slicing in Mobile Networks	133
	Figure 19: NFV Concept	134
	Figure 20: C-RAN Architecture	136
	Figure 21: Military LTE/5G Network Architecture	142
	Figure 22: Key Elements & RF Site Coverage of Air France's Private LTE Network	153
	Figure 23: Air France's LTE & 5G Adoption Roadmap	154
	Figure 24: IoT Services Over BBB's sXGP-Based Private LTE Network Platform	158
	Figure 25: Beach Energy's LTE-Equipped Vehicles	160
	Figure 26: Busan Transportation Corporation’s LTE-R Network	163
	Figure 27: Inmarsat and Deutsche Telekom's EAN (European Aviation Network)	169
	Figure 28: Enel's Future Vision for Private LTE & 5G Networks	174
	Figure 29: FirstNet Deployment Plan & Timeline	179
	Figure 30: Airbus' BLR-LTE Platform for the French Army	184
	Figure 31: Infrastructure Networks' Fast L2 Architecture	195
	Figure 32: Infrastructure Networks' Private LTE Network for Critical Infrastructure	196
	Figure 33: KRNA's Wonju-Gangneung HSR (High-Speed Railway) Line	202
	Figure 34: LG Chem's Private LTE Network for IoT Services	205
	Figure 35: Ocado's 4G-Based Wireless Control System for Warehouse Automation	209
	Figure 36: User Segments and Applications of the RESCAN LTE Network	219
	Figure 37: Rio Tinto's Private LTE Network	221
	Figure 38: Key Architectural Elements of the Rivas Vaciamadrid Smart eLTE Network	224
	Figure 39: Deployable LTE Platform & Terminals for the Tham Luang Cave Rescue	226
	Figure 40: Shanghai Police Convergent Command Center	229
	Figure 41: South Korea’s Safe-Net Deployment Plan & Timeline	231
	Figure 42: Southern Linc's LTE Network Architecture	234
	Figure 43: Tampnet's LTE Coverage in the North Sea	237
	Figure 44: Tampnet's LTE & GSM Coverage in the Gulf of Mexico	238
	Figure 45: Ukkoverkot's Hardened, Multi-Access Mobile Broadband Service Architecture for Critical Communications	244
	Figure 46: United Kingdom's ESN Deployment Timeline	250
	Figure 47: Zhengzhou Metro's LTE-Based Train-Ground Communications Network	253
	Figure 48: 3.5 GHz CBRS Three-Tiered Shared Spectrum in the United States	340
	Figure 49: ETSI's Critical Communications System Reference Model	371
	Figure 50: SpiceNet (Standardized PPDR Interoperable Communication Service for Europe) Reference Architecture	381
	Figure 51: Future Roadmap for Private LTE & 5G Networks: 2020 - 2030	404
	Figure 52: Private LTE & 5G Network Value Chain	409
	Figure 53: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1132
	Figure 54: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue by Submarket: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1133
	Figure 55: Global Private LTE & 5G RAN Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1133
	Figure 56: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1134
	Figure 57: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1134
	Figure 58: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue by Technology: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1135
	Figure 59: Global Private LTE Network Infrastructure Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1135
	Figure 60: Global Private LTE Base Station Unit Shipments: 2020 - 2030 (Thousands of Units)	1136
	Figure 61: Global Private LTE Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue: 2020 - 2030 ($ Million)	1136
	Figure 62: Global Private LTE Mobile Core Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1137
	Figure 63: Global Private LTE Backhaul & Transport Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1137
	Figure 64: Global Private 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue: 2020 - 2030 ($ Million)	1138
	Figure 65: Global Private 5G Base Station Unit Shipments: 2020 - 2030 (Thousands of Units)	1138
	Figure 66: Global Private 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue: 2020 - 2030 ($ Million)	1139
	Figure 67: Global Private 5G Mobile Core Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1139
	Figure 68: Global Private 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1140
	Figure 69: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments by Spectrum Type: 2020 - 2030 (Thousands of Units)	1141
	Figure 70: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue by Spectrum Type: 2020 - 2030 ($ Million)	1141
	Figure 71: Global Licensed Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments: 2020 - 2030 (Thousands of Units)	1142
	Figure 72: Global Licensed Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue: 2020 - 2030 ($ Million)	1142
	Figure 73: Global Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments: 2020 - 2030 (Thousands of Units)	1143
	Figure 74: Global Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue: 2020 - 2030 ($ Million)	1143
	Figure 75: Global Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments by Frequency Band: 2020 - 2030 (Thousands of Units)	1144
	Figure 76: Global Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue by Frequency Band: 2020 - 2030 ($ Million)	1144
	Figure 77: Global 1.9 GHz sXGP/DECT Unlicensed Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments: 2020 - 2030 (Thousands of Units)	1145
	Figure 78: Global 1.9 GHz sXGP/DECT Unlicensed Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue: 2020 - 2030 ($ Million)	1145
	Figure 79: Global 2.4 GHz Unlicensed Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments: 2020 - 2030 (Thousands of Units)	1146
	Figure 80: Global 2.4 GHz Unlicensed Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue: 2020 - 2030 ($ Million)	1146
	Figure 81: Global 3.5 GHz CBRS Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments: 2020 - 2030 (Thousands of Units)	1147
	Figure 82: Global 3.5 GHz CBRS Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue: 2020 - 2030 ($ Million)	1147
	Figure 83: Global 5 GHz Unlicensed Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments: 2020 - 2030 (Thousands of Units)	1148
	Figure 84: Global 5 GHz Unlicensed Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue: 2020 - 2030 ($ Million)	1148
	Figure 85: Global Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Other Bands: 2020 - 2030 (Thousands of Units)	1149
	Figure 86: Global Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Other Bands: 2020 - 2030 ($ Million)	1149
	Figure 87: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue by Vertical Market: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1150
	Figure 88: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1151
	Figure 89: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT, by Submarket: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1151
	Figure 90: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030	1152
	Figure 91: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1152
	Figure 92: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1153
	Figure 93: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1153
	Figure 94: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Public Safety Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1154
	Figure 95: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Public Safety Sector, by Submarket: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1154
	Figure 96: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in the Public Safety Sector: 2020 - 2030	1155
	Figure 97: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in the Public Safety Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1155
	Figure 98: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in the Public Safety Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1156
	Figure 99: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in the Public Safety Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1156
	Figure 100: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Military Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1157
	Figure 101: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Military Sector, by Submarket: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1157
	Figure 102: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in the Military Sector: 2020 - 2030	1158
	Figure 103: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in the Military Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1158
	Figure 104: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in the Military Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1159
	Figure 105: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in the Military Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1159
	Figure 106: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Energy Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1160
	Figure 107: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Energy Sector, by Submarket: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1160
	Figure 108: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in the Energy Sector: 2020 - 2030	1161
	Figure 109: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in the Energy Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1161
	Figure 110: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in the Energy Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1162
	Figure 111: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in the Energy Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1162
	Figure 112: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Utilities Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1163
	Figure 113: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Utilities Sector, by Submarket: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1163
	Figure 114: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in the Utilities Sector: 2020 - 2030	1164
	Figure 115: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in the Utilities Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1164
	Figure 116: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in the Utilities Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1165
	Figure 117: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in the Utilities Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1165
	Figure 118: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Mining Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1166
	Figure 119: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Mining Sector, by Submarket: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1166
	Figure 120: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in the Mining Sector: 2020 - 2030	1167
	Figure 121: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in the Mining Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1167
	Figure 122: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in the Mining Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1168
	Figure 123: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in the Mining Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1168
	Figure 124: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Transportation Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1169
	Figure 125: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Transportation Sector, by Submarket: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1169
	Figure 126: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in the Transportation Sector: 2020 - 2030	1170
	Figure 127: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in the Transportation Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1170
	Figure 128: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in the Transportation Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1171
	Figure 129: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in the Transportation Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1171
	Figure 130: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Factories & Warehouses Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1172
	Figure 131: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Factories & Warehouses Sector, by Submarket: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1172
	Figure 132: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in the Factories & Warehouses Sector: 2020 - 2030	1173
	Figure 133: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in the Factories & Warehouses Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1173
	Figure 134: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in the Factories & Warehouses Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1174
	Figure 135: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in the Factories & Warehouses Sector: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1174
	Figure 136: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Other Critical Communications & Industrial IoT Sectors: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1175
	Figure 137: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Other Critical Communications & Industrial IoT Sectors, by Submarket: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1175
	Figure 138: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Other Critical Communications & Industrial IoT Sectors: 2020 - 2030	1176
	Figure 139: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Other Critical Communications & Industrial IoT Sectors: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1176
	Figure 140: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Other Critical Communications & Industrial IoT Sectors: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1177
	Figure 141: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Other Critical Communications & Industrial IoT Sectors: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1177
	Figure 142: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1178
	Figure 143: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments, by Submarket: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1178
	Figure 144: Global Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  (Thousands of Units)	1179
	Figure 145: Global Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1179
	Figure 146: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1180
	Figure 147: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1180
	Figure 148: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1181
	Figure 149: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts, by Submarket: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1181
	Figure 150: Global Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  (Thousands of Units)	1182
	Figure 151: Global Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1182
	Figure 152: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1183
	Figure 153: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1183
	Figure 154: Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue by Region: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1184
	Figure 155: Private LTE & 5G RAN Revenue by Region: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1184
	Figure 156: Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue by Region: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1185
	Figure 157: Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue by Region: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1185
	Figure 158: Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT, by Region: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1186
	Figure 159: Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT, by Region: 2020 - 2030	1186
	Figure 160: Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT, by Region: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1187
	Figure 161: Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT, by Region: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1187
	Figure 162: Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT, by Region: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1188
	Figure 163: Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments, by Region: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1189
	Figure 164: Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Enterprise & Campus Environments, by Region: 2020 - 2030  (Thousands of Units)	1189
	Figure 165: Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments, by Region: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1190
	Figure 166: Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments, by Region: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1190
	Figure 167: Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments, by Region: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1191
	Figure 168: Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts, by Region: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1192
	Figure 169: Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts, by Region: 2020 - 2030  (Thousands of Units)	1192
	Figure 170: Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts, by Region: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1193
	Figure 171: Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts, by Region: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1193
	Figure 172: Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts, by Region: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1194
	Figure 173: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1195
	Figure 174: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G RAN Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1195
	Figure 175: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1196
	Figure 176: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1196
	Figure 177: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1197
	Figure 178: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030	1197
	Figure 179: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1198
	Figure 180: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1198
	Figure 181: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1199
	Figure 182: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1200
	Figure 183: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  (Thousands of Units)	1200
	Figure 184: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1201
	Figure 185: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1201
	Figure 186: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1202
	Figure 187: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1203
	Figure 188: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  (Thousands of Units)	1203
	Figure 189: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1204
	Figure 190: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1204
	Figure 191: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1205
	Figure 192: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1206
	Figure 193: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G RAN Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1206
	Figure 194: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1207
	Figure 195: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1207
	Figure 196: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1208
	Figure 197: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030	1208
	Figure 198: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1209
	Figure 199: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1209
	Figure 200: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1210
	Figure 201: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1211
	Figure 202: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  (Thousands of Units)	1211
	Figure 203: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1212
	Figure 204: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1212
	Figure 205: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1213
	Figure 206: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1214
	Figure 207: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  (Thousands of Units)	1214
	Figure 208: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1215
	Figure 209: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1215
	Figure 210: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1216
	Figure 211: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1217
	Figure 212: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G RAN Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1217
	Figure 213: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1218
	Figure 214: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1218
	Figure 215: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1219
	Figure 216: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030	1219
	Figure 217: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1220
	Figure 218: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1220
	Figure 219: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1221
	Figure 220: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1222
	Figure 221: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  (Thousands of Units)	1222
	Figure 222: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1223
	Figure 223: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1223
	Figure 224: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1224
	Figure 225: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1225
	Figure 226: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  (Thousands of Units)	1225
	Figure 227: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1226
	Figure 228: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1226
	Figure 229: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1227
	Figure 230: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1228
	Figure 231: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G RAN Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1228
	Figure 232: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1229
	Figure 233: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1229
	Figure 234: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1230
	Figure 235: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030	1230
	Figure 236: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1231
	Figure 237: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1231
	Figure 238: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1232
	Figure 239: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1233
	Figure 240: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  (Thousands of Units)	1233
	Figure 241: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1234
	Figure 242: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1234
	Figure 243: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1235
	Figure 244: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1236
	Figure 245: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  (Thousands of Units)	1236
	Figure 246: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1237
	Figure 247: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1237
	Figure 248: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1238
	Figure 249: North America Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1239
	Figure 250: North America Private LTE & 5G RAN Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1239
	Figure 251: North America Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1240
	Figure 252: North America Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1240
	Figure 253: North America Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1241
	Figure 254: North America Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030	1241
	Figure 255: North America Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1242
	Figure 256: North America Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1242
	Figure 257: North America Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1243
	Figure 258: North America Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1244
	Figure 259: North America Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  (Thousands of Units)	1244
	Figure 260: North America Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1245
	Figure 261: North America Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1245
	Figure 262: North America Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1246
	Figure 263: North America Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1247
	Figure 264: North America Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  (Thousands of Units)	1247
	Figure 265: North America Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1248
	Figure 266: North America Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1248
	Figure 267: North America Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1249
	Figure 268: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1250
	Figure 269: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G RAN Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1250
	Figure 270: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1251
	Figure 271: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1251
	Figure 272: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1252
	Figure 273: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030	1252
	Figure 274: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1253
	Figure 275: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1253
	Figure 276: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1254
	Figure 277: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1255
	Figure 278: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  (Thousands of Units)	1255
	Figure 279: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1256
	Figure 280: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1256
	Figure 281: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1257
	Figure 282: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1258
	Figure 283: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  (Thousands of Units)	1258
	Figure 284: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1259
	Figure 285: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1259
	Figure 286: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 - 2030  ($ Million)	1260
	Figure 287: Global Share of Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments by Frequency Band: 2020 (%)	1266 

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