The HetNet Ecosystem (Small Cells, Carrier WiFi, C-RAN & DAS): 2015 – 2020 – Opportunities, Challenges, Strategies & Forecasts

Published: Jun, 2015 | Pages: 666 | Publisher: SNS Research
Industry: Telecommunications | Report Format: Electronic (PDF)

Driven by in-building wireless coverage requirements and the growing influx of mobile broadband data traffic, a traditional macrocell based cellular network deployment is not deemed to be a sufficient solution to address the coverage and capacity needs of today’s wireless subscribers.

Wireless carriers are thus increasing their investments in Heterogeneous Network or HetNet infrastructure such as strategically deployed small cells, carrier WiFi and DAS (Distributed Antenna System) nodes, to cope with increasing capacity and coverage requirements. Adding further to the heterogeneity is the shift towards a C-RAN (Centralized RAN) architecture, which centralizes baseband functionality to be shared across a large number of distributed radio nodes. In comparison to standalone clusters of base stations, C-RAN provides significant performance and economic benefits such as baseband pooling, enhanced coordination between cells, virtualization, network extensibility and energy efficiency.

Driven by the thriving ecosystem, we expect small cell, carrier WiFi, C-RAN and DAS networks to account for over 80% of all mobile data traffic by the end of 2020, while overall spending on HetNet infrastructure is expected to reach $40 Billion annually during the same period. 

The “HetNet Ecosystem (Small Cells, Carrier WiFi, C-RAN & DAS): 2015 – 2020 – Opportunities, Challenges, Strategies & Forecasts” report presents an in-depth assessment of 6 individual submarkets of the HetNet infrastructure opportunity.  Besides analyzing key market drivers, challenges, enabling technologies, standardization initiatives, future roadmap, value chain, deployment case studies, vendor profiles, and strategic recommendations, the report also presents revenue and unit shipment forecasts for 6 submarkets from 2015 to 2020 at a regional as well as a global scale. Historical figures are also provided for 2010, 2011, 2013 and 2014.

The report comes with an associated Excel datasheet suite covering quantitative data from over 300 numeric forecasts presented in the report.

Topics Covered
The report covers the following topics:
 - Technology and market size assessment for 6 HetNet submarkets: small cells, carrier WiFi, C-RAN, DAS, small cell backhaul and C-RAN fronthaul
 - Integration and offloading technology
 - Market drivers and key benefits
 - Challenges and Inhibitors
 - Industry roadmap and value chain
 - HetNet deployment models and case studies
 - SCaaS (Small Cells as a Service)
 - Vertical markets for HetNet deployments
 - Standardization and regulatory initiatives
 - Market prospects of enterprise RAN and LTE-U deployments
 - Public safety and military centric LTE small cells
 - SON (Self-Organizing Network) technology for HetNet infrastructure
 - Vendor landscape, acquisitions and market share for small cells, carrier WiFi, C-RAN and DAS
 - Company profiles and strategies of over 350 ecosystem players including infrastructure vendors and enabling technology providers
 - Strategic recommendations for HetNet infrastructure vendors, wireless carriers and macrocell infrastructure vendors

Historical Revenue & Forecast Segmentation
Market forecasts and historical revenue/unit shipment figures are provided for each of the following submarkets and their subcategories:
 - Small Cells
 - Carrier WiFi
 - C-RAN (Centralized RAN)
 - DAS (Distributed Antenna System)
 - Small Cell Backhaul
 - C-RAN Fronthaul
 - SON (Self-Organizing Network) Solutions
 - SCaaS (Small Cells as a Service)
 - Mobile Network Data Service

Small cell forecasts (unit shipments, revenue) are categorized in the following  categories:
RAN Technology
 - GSM/W-CDMA/HSPA
 - CDMA-2000/EV-DO
 - LTE FDD
 - TD-LTE
 - WiMAX

Deployment Model
 - Home/Residential
 - Enterprise
 - Metro
 - Rural

Cell Size
 - Femtocells
 - Picocells
 - Microcells

Carrier WiFi forecasts (unit shipments, revenue) are categorized in the following  categories:
Equipment Category
 - Access Points
 - Access Point Controllers

Integration Approach
 - Managed WiFi Offload
 - Unmanaged ‘Open Access’ WiFi

C-RAN forecasts (unit shipments, revenue) are categorized in the following  categories:
 - RRH (Remote Radio Head)
 - C-RAN Architecture Small Cell
 - BBU (Baseband Unit)
 - Fronthaul

DAS node forecasts (unit shipments, revenue) are categorized in the following  categories:
 - Indoor DAS Nodes
 - Outdoor DAS Nodes

Small cell backhaul forecasts (revenue) are categorized in the following technology categories:
 - Ethernet
 - DSL Modems and DSLAMs
 - Microwave
 - Millimeter Wave
 - Satellite

C-RAN fronthaul forecasts (revenue) are categorized in the following technology categories:
 - Dedicated Fiber
 - WDM
 - OTN & PON
 - Ethernet
 - Microwave
 - Millimeter Wave

Mobile network data service forecasts (throughput, revenue) are categorized in the following access network technology categories:
 - Macrocell & C-RAN Networks
 - Small Cells
 - Carrier WiFi
 - DAS

Regional forecasts are categorized in the following 6 categories
 - North America
 - Asia Pacific
 - Western Europe
 - Eastern Europe
 - Middle East & Africa
 - Latin & Central America

Key Questions Answered
The report provides answers to the following key questions:
 - How is the HetNet infrastructure market evolving by segment and region? What will the market size be in 2020 and at what rate will it grow?
 - What trends, challenges and barriers are influencing its growth?
 - Who are the key vendors in the market, what is their market share and what are their strategies?
 - How is the HetNet value chain structured and how will it evolve overtime?
 - What opportunities does the HetNet ecosystem offer to infrastructure vendors and other players involved in the value chain? 
 - What strategies should infrastructure vendors and wireless carriers adopt to capitalize on the HetNet opportunity?
 - What will be the installed base of small cells and carrier WiFi access points in 2020?
 - What is the service revenue for mobile data services delivered over small cells, carrier WiFi, DAS, C-RAN and macrocells, and how will it grow overtime?
 - How are investments on DAS technology impacting small cell deployments?
 - How will carrier WiFi fit into future mobile network architectures for access and offload?
 - What is the C-RAN concept, and how are small cell vendors capitalizing on it?
 - What is LTE-U and how will impact unlicensed WiFi spectrum?
 - Is there a market for rural small cell deployments?
 - Which technology will be predominant in the small cell backhaul ecosystem and is there a market for satellite based small cell backhaul?
 - Is Ethernet a feasible solution for C-RAN fronthaul?
 - What are the future prospects of millimeter wave technology for backhaul and fronthaul deployments?
 - How big is the opportunity for enterprise centric RAN deployments?
 - Can small cells help in accelerating LTE deployments for the military, public safety and other verticals?

Key Findings
The report has the following key findings: 
 - Despite an ongoing decline in traditional macrocell infrastructure spending, small cells, carrier WiFi, C-RAN, DAS, small cell backhaul and C-RAN fronthaul investments will continue to grow over the coming years. By the end of 2020, the market will account for nearly $40 Billion in revenue
 - HetNet infrastructure is expected to carry more than 80% of all mobile network data traffic by 2020
 - Driven by the promise of higher capacity in unlicensed spectrum, LTE-U small cell shipments are expected to grow at a CAGR of 80% between 2016 and 2020. By the end of 2020, LTE-U investments will account for nearly $2 Billion
 - As wireless carriers look to migrate towards scalable centralized baseband architectures, C-RAN investments will grow at a CAGR of 23% between 2015 and 2020. By the end of 2020, C-RAN investments will account for nearly $14 Billion
 - Eyeing the momentum behind C-RAN, a number of small cell vendors such as Airvana and SpiderCloud, have aligned their offerings with the C-RAN concept
 - At present, the HetNet value chain is highly fragmented with ‘pure-play’ specialists and incumbent macrocell vendors battling to gain a higher share of the market. SNS Research expects the value chain to consolidate over the coming years following a string of acquisitions by industry giants such as Nokia

 Table of Contents
1	Chapter 1: Introduction	42
1.1	Executive Summary	42
1.2	Topics Covered	44
1.3	Historical Revenue & Forecast Segmentation	45
1.4	Key Questions Answered	49
1.5	Key Findings	51
1.6	Methodology	52
1.7	Target Audience	53
1.8	Companies Mentioned	54
		
2	Chapter 2: An Overview of Small Cells, Carrier WiFi, C-RAN & DAS	61
2.1	An Evolving Heterogeneous Networking Ecosystem	61
2.1.1	The Growing Demand for Mobile Broadband	61
2.1.2	Is LTE the Answer to all Capacity Problems?	61
2.1.3	HetNets: An Evolution of Network Topology	63
2.2	Small Cells	64
2.2.1	What Are Small Cells?	64
2.2.2	Why Deploy Small Cells?	64
2.2.3	Small Cell Categories	66
2.2.3.1	Femtocells - Home (e)NBs	67
2.2.3.2	Picocells	67
2.2.3.3	Microcells	67
2.2.3.4	Metrocell: An Emerging Deployment Model	68
2.2.3.5	Will Metrocell Deployments Encompass Carrier Deployed Femtocells?	68
2.3	Carrier WiFi	69
2.3.1	Carrier WiFi Integration Approaches	70
2.3.2	Unmanaged ‘Open Access’	70
2.3.3	Managed Offload	70
2.3.3.1	SIM-based Authentication and Mobile Data Offload	70
2.3.3.2	Fully Integrated WiFi Access	70
2.4	C-RAN (Centralized RAN)	71
2.4.1	What is C-RAN?	71
2.4.2	Architectural Benefits and Challenges	71
2.4.3	Key Architectural Components	73
2.4.3.1	RRH (Remote Radio Head)	73
2.4.3.2	C-RAN Architecture Small Cell	73
2.4.3.3	BBU (Baseband Unit)	74
2.4.3.4	Fronthaul Networking Gear	74
2.5	DAS (Distributed Antenna System)	75
2.5.1	What is DAS?	75
2.5.2	Passive DAS	75
2.5.3	Hybrid DAS	75
2.5.4	Active DAS	76
2.6	Alternative Options for Offloading Mobile Network Coverage and Capacity	76
2.6.1	Macrocell Network and Spectrum Expansion	76
2.6.2	Caching & Mobile CDNs	76
2.7	The Business Case: What is Driving the HetNet Market?	78
2.7.1	Mobile Data Traffic: The Tsunami of 335 Exabytes	78
2.7.2	Endorsement from the Carrier Community	79
2.7.3	In-Building Coverage and Capacity	80
2.7.4	Enterprise Demand: BYOD is Fuelling Growth	80
2.7.5	Capacity Offload in Congested Localities	80
2.7.6	CapEx Savings	80
2.7.7	Non-Expandability of Macrocell Network	81
2.8	Challenges & Inhibitors to the HetNet Ecosystem	82
2.8.1	Security Concerns	82
2.8.2	Competing HetNet Solutions: DAS vs. Indoor Small Cells	82
2.8.3	Interference with Macrocell Infrastructure & Spectrum Constraints	83
2.8.4	Backhaul Requirements and Complexity	83
2.8.5	C-RAN Fronthaul Challenges	83
2.8.6	Commercial Immaturity	84
2.8.7	Economic Constraints	84
2.8.8	Device Side, Client and OS Issues	84
2.8.9	Deployment Challenges	84
2.8.10	Integrating Segregated WiFi Infrastructure into Mobile Networks	85
2.8.11	Impact of Macrocell LTE Rollouts: Negative or Positive?	85
		
3	Chapter 3: Integration & Offloading Technology	86
3.1	Integrating Small Cells into the Mobile Network	86
3.1.1	Integration into 3G Networks	86
3.1.1.1	Iuh based Integration: Residential/Enterprise Femtocells	86
3.1.1.2	Iub: Picocells, Microcells and Now Even Femtocells	88
3.1.2	S1: Integration into LTE Networks	89
3.1.2.1	eNB Small Cell Architecture	89
3.1.2.2	HeNB Small Cell Architecture	90
3.2	Integrating C-RAN into the Mobile Network	90
3.2.1	CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface)	90
3.2.2	OBSAI (Open Base Station Architecture Initiative)	90
3.2.3	ORI (Open Radio Interface)	91
3.2.4	Ethernet-based Solutions	91
3.3	WiFi: The Evolution from an Ethernet Extension to Wireless Carrier Integration	92
3.4	Enabling Technologies for WiFi and Cellular RAN Interoperability	92
3.4.1	ANDSF (Access Network Discovery and Selection Function)	92
3.4.1.1	Enabling Seamless Mobility	93
3.4.1.2	Commercial Availability of ANDSF Solutions	93
3.4.2	Hotspot 2.0	93
3.4.2.1	Discovery - 802.11u	93
3.4.2.2	Encryption - 802.11i (WPA2)	94
3.4.2.3	Authentication – 802.1x (EAP)	94
3.4.2.4	OMA (Open Mobile Alliance) DM (Device Management)	94
3.4.2.5	Passpoint WiFi Certification	95
3.4.3	NGH (NextGen Hotspot) Program	95
3.4.3.1	Working alongside Hotspot 2.0	96
3.4.3.2	Enabling Seamless Mobile Network Connectivity	96
3.4.4	I-WLAN (Interworking Wireless LAN)	96
3.4.5	WISPr (Wireless Internet Service Provider Roaming)	96
3.4.6	MSAP (Mobility Services Advertisement Protocol)	97
3.4.7	WiFi Direct	97
3.5	Small Cell and Mobile Core Offloading Technologies	98
3.5.1	LIPA (Local IP Access)	98
3.5.1.1	Is LIPA Specifically for Small Cells?	98
3.5.1.2	Use Case Example: Local Network Multimedia Access	98
3.5.2	SIPTO (Selected IP Traffic Offload)	99
3.5.2.1	Use Case Example: Core Network Offload	99
3.5.2.2	The Downside: Is SIPTO Suitable for All Traffic Profiles?	99
3.5.3	IFOM (IP Flow Mobility and Seamless Offload)	100
3.5.3.1	Enabling Seamless Integration between WiFi and 3GPP RANs	100
3.6	WiFi and Cellular RAN Integration: Commercial Implementations to Address the HetNet Challenge	101
3.6.1	WiFi Integration into Macrocell and Small Cell Base Station Nodes	101
3.6.2	Policy Driven Control for Small Cell & WiFi	101
3.6.2.1	Vendor Demonstrations: Dynamic Switching between WiFi and LTE	101
3.6.3	Commercial Case Study: NGH SIM-based WiFi Access	102
		
4	Chapter 4: Industry Roadmap and Value Chain	103
4.1	HetNet Industry Roadmap: 2010 - 2020	103
4.1.1	2010 – 2012: Initial Rollouts: In-building Voice Converge & Nomadic Data Access	103
4.1.2	2013 – 2015: The 4G Expansion Era – Capacity Upgrades with Small Cells & WiFi	104
4.1.3	2016 – 2020: The C-RAN Era - Large-scale Proliferation of C-RAN Networking Gear	104
4.2	HetNet Value Chain	106
4.3	Embedded Technology Ecosystem	106
4.3.1	Chipset Developers	106
4.3.2	Embedded Component/Software Providers	106
4.4	RAN Ecosystem	108
4.4.1	Macrocell RAN OEMs	108
4.4.2	Pure-Play and Specialist Small Cell OEMs	108
4.4.3	WiFi Access Point OEMs	108
4.4.4	DAS & Repeater Solution Providers	108
4.4.5	C-RAN Solution Providers	109
4.4.6	Other Technology & Network Component Providers/Enablers	109
4.5	Mobile Backhaul & Fronthaul Ecosystem	109
4.5.1	Backhaul & Fronthaul Solution Providers	109
4.6	Mobile Core Ecosystem	109
4.6.1	Core Network Infrastructure & Software Providers	109
4.7	Connectivity Ecosystem	110
4.7.1	2G, 3G & 4G Wireless Carriers	110
4.7.2	WiFi Connectivity Providers	112
4.7.3	SCaaS (Small Cells as a Service) Providers	112
4.8	SON Ecosystem	112
4.8.1	SON Solution Providers	112
4.9	SDN & NFV Ecosystem	112
4.9.1	SDN & NFV Providers	112
4.10	Vendor Landscape: Consolidation & Acquisitions Lead the Way	113
4.10.1	Broadcom Acquires Percello – Q4’2010	113
4.10.2	Radisys Acquires Continuous Computing – Q4’2010	113
4.10.3	Alvarion Acquires Wavion – Q4’2011	113
4.10.4	Mindspeed Technologies Acquires picoChip – Q1’2012	114
4.10.5	Ericsson Acquires BelAir Networks – Q2’2012	114
4.10.6	Crown Castle Acquires NextG Networks – Q2’2012	114
4.10.7	Qualcomm Acquires DesignArt Networks – Q3’2012	114
4.10.8	Oracle Acquires Acme Packet – Q1’2013	115
4.10.9	Oracle Acquires Tekelec – Q1’2013	115
4.10.10	Cisco Acquires Ubiquisys – Q2’2013	115
4.10.11	Cobham Acquires Axell Wireless– Q2’2013	116
4.10.12	Bird Technologies Acquires DeltaNode – Q3’2013	116
4.10.13	Intel Acquires Mindspeed’s Wireless Assets – Q4’2013	116
4.10.14	Intel Acquires LSI’s Axxia Networking Business – Q3’2014	116
4.10.15	Nokia Acquires Panasonic’s Wireless Infrastructure Assets – Q1’2015	116
4.10.16	Brocade Acquires Connectem – Q1’2015	117
4.10.17	Fastback Networks Acquires Sub10 Systems – Q1’2015	117
4.10.18	CommAgility Acquires MIMOon – Q1’2015	117
4.10.19	CommScope Announces Plans to Acquire TE Connectivity – Q1’2015	117
4.10.20	Nokia Announces Intention to Acquire Alcatel-Lucent – Q2’2015	117
		
5	Chapter 5: HetNet Deployment Models	118
5.1	Small Cell, C-RAN & DAS Deployment Models	118
5.1.1	Consumer (Indoor) Deployment Models	118
5.1.1.1	Home/Residential	118
5.1.1.2	Enterprise	118
5.1.2	Carrier Deployment Models	119
5.1.2.1	Indoor	119
5.1.2.2	Metro	119
5.1.2.3	Rural	119
5.1.3	SCaaS (Small Cells as a Service)	121
5.2	Carrier WiFi Deployment Models	122
5.2.1	Mobile Offload	122
5.2.2	SIM Based	122
5.2.3	Enterprise	122
5.2.4	Hotspot	122
5.2.5	Wholesale	122
5.2.6	Municipal WiFi	123
		
6	Chapter 6: Vertical Markets for HetNets	124
6.1	Residential	124
6.2	Healthcare	124
6.3	Higher Education	124
6.4	Large Enterprises	125
6.5	SMBs	125
6.6	Retail	125
6.7	Construction	125
6.8	Public Sector	126
6.9	Public Safety and Defense	126
		
7	Chapter 7: HetNet Backhaul & Fronthaul	127
7.1	Small Cell Backhaul Technology	127
7.1.1	Ethernet over Copper	127
7.1.2	Ethernet over Fiber	127
7.1.3	DSL	127
7.1.4	NLOS (Non-Line of Site) Microwave	128
7.1.5	PTP (Point to Point) Microwave – 6-60 GHz	128
7.1.6	PTMP (Point to Multipoint) Microwave – 6-60 GHz	128
7.1.7	Millimeter Wave (E-band) – Licensed and Unlicensed	128
7.1.8	Satellite Based Backhaul	128
7.2	C-RAN Fronthaul Technology	129
7.2.1	Dedicated Fiber (Dark Fiber)	129
7.2.2	WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)	129
7.2.3	PON (Passive Optical Network)	130
7.2.4	OTN (Optical Transport Network)	130
7.2.5	Ethernet	130
7.2.6	Microwave	130
7.2.7	Millimeter Wave (E-band) – Licensed and Unlicensed	131
7.3	Requirements for HetNet Backhaul & Fronthaul	131
7.3.1	Form Factor & Environmental Hardening	131
7.3.2	Power Supply & Consumption	131
7.3.3	Installation & Provisioning	131
7.3.4	Integration of OAM and SON Capabilities	132
7.3.5	Deployment & Maintenance Cost	132
7.4	Key Issues	132
7.4.1	Backhaul Sharing: Can Small Cells and Macrocells Share Resources?	132
7.4.2	Coverage Challenges	133
7.4.3	Capacity/Peak Throughput Challenges	133
7.4.4	Will Millimeter Wave be the Preferred Outdoor Small Cell Backhaul Solution?	133
7.4.5	Is Fronthaul the Bottleneck to C-RAN Rollouts?	134
7.4.6	Is Ethernet a Feasible Solution for C-RAN Fronthaul?	134
7.4.7	Is there a Market for Satellite based HetNet Transport?	134
7.4.8	Assessing the Impact of the SCaaS Ecosystem	135
		
8	Chapter 8: Standardization & Regulatory Initiatives	136
8.1	Small Cell Forum	136
8.1.1	Mission	136
8.1.2	Scope of Work	136
8.1.3	Working Groups	137
8.1.3.1	Marketing Group	138
8.1.3.2	Radio & Physical Layer Group	138
8.1.3.3	Network Group	138
8.1.3.4	Regulatory Group	139
8.1.3.5	Services Group	139
8.1.3.6	Interoperability Group	139
8.1.3.7	Deployment Group	139
8.1.3.8	Special Interest & Study Groups	140
8.2	WBA (Wireless Broadband Alliance)	140
8.2.1	Mission	140
8.2.2	Scope of Work	140
8.2.3	Working Groups	141
8.2.3.1	Business Workgroup	141
8.2.3.2	Industry Engagement Workgroup	141
8.2.3.3	Roaming Workgroup	141
8.3	WiFi Alliance	142
8.3.1	Mission	142
8.3.2	Certification Programs	142
8.3.2.1	Core Certification	142
8.3.2.2	Miracast	143
8.3.2.3	TDLS (Tunneled Direct Link Setup )	143
8.3.2.4	Passpoint	143
8.3.2.5	WiFi Direct	144
8.3.2.6	WiFi Protected Setup	144
8.3.2.7	WMM (WiFi Multimedia)	144
8.3.2.8	WMM-Power Save	144
8.3.2.9	Voice-Personal: Voice over WiFi	144
8.3.2.10	Voice-Enterprise: Voice over WiFi	145
8.3.2.11	CWG-RF	145
8.3.2.12	WMM-Admission Control	145
8.3.2.13	IBSS with WiFi Protected Setup	145
8.4	HetNet Forum	146
8.4.1	Mission	146
8.4.2	Scope of Work	146
8.4.3	Governance & Membership	146
8.5	ETSI	147
8.5.1	Mission	147
8.5.2	HetNet Standardization Activities	147
8.6	3GPP	148
8.6.1	Mission	148
8.6.2	HetNet Standardization Activities	148
8.7	3GPP2	150
8.7.1	Mission	150
8.7.2	HetNet Standardization Activities	150
8.8	NGMN Alliance	151
8.8.1	Mission	151
8.8.2	HetNet Initiatives	151
8.9	Broadband Forum	152
8.9.1	Mission	152
8.9.2	HetNet Standardization Activities	152
8.10	WiMAX Forum	153
8.10.1	Mission	153
8.10.2	HetNet Standardization Activities	153
8.11	Prominent Collaborations	155
8.11.1	WBA and WiFi Alliance	155
8.11.2	Small Cell Forum and GSMA	155
8.11.3	WBA, GSMA and Small Cell Forum	155
8.11.3.1	Integrating on a Network Level	156
8.11.3.2	Setting the Stage for Advanced Traffic Management	156
		
9	Chapter 9: HetNet Deployments	157
9.1	SCaaS (Small Cells as a Service) Case Studies	157
9.1.1	BT	157
9.1.2	Cellcom	157
9.1.3	Colt Telecom	158
9.1.4	Cloudberry Mobile	158
9.1.5	ClearSky	158
9.1.6	Virgin Media	158
9.1.7	Ericsson & Phillips	159
9.1.8	Alcatel-Lucent & Towerstream	159
9.2	Carrier WiFi	160
9.2.1	AT&T Mobility	160
9.2.2	Comcast	160
9.2.3	Cox Communications	160
9.2.4	MetroPCS	161
9.2.5	Sprint	161
9.2.6	T-Mobile USA	161
9.2.7	Verizon Wireless	162
9.2.8	Free Mobile	162
9.2.9	BT	162
9.2.10	MegaFon	162
9.2.11	Orange 	163
9.2.12	Portugal Telecom	163
9.2.13	Telefónica (Spain)	163
9.2.14	T-Mobile Austria	163
9.2.15	Zain Saudi Arabia	163
9.2.16	China Mobile	164
9.2.17	KDDI	164
9.2.18	LG Uplus	164
9.2.19	NTT Broadband Platform	164
9.2.20	TIM Brasil	164
9.2.21	Other Carriers	165
9.3	Small Cell, C-RAN, & DAS Deployments	165
9.3.1	AT&T Mobility	165
9.3.2	Beeline	165
9.3.3	Bouygues Telecom	166
9.3.4	China Mobile	166
9.3.5	China Unicom	166
9.3.6	Cosmote	166
9.3.7	EE	166
9.3.8	Free Mobile	167
9.3.9	KDDI	167
9.3.10	MegaFon	167
9.3.11	Moldtelecom	167
9.3.12	Mosaic Telecom	167
9.3.13	MTC	167
9.3.14	Movistar	168
9.3.15	Network Norway	168
9.3.16	NTT DoCoMo	168
9.3.17	O2 (Telefonica UK)	168
9.3.18	Optimus Portugal	168
9.3.19	Optus	169
9.3.20	Orange	169
9.3.21	Orange Romania	169
9.3.22	SFR	169
9.3.23	SingTel	169
9.3.24	SK Telecom	169
9.3.25	SoftBank	170
9.3.26	Sprint	170
9.3.27	StarHub	170
9.3.28	TOT Thailand	170
9.3.29	Three UK	170
9.3.30	Verizon Wireless	170
9.3.31	Vodafone Australia	171
9.3.32	Vodafone Czech Republic	171
9.3.33	Vodafone Germany	171
9.3.34	Vodafone Greece	171
9.3.35	Vodafone Hungary	171
9.3.36	Vodafone Ireland	171
9.3.37	Vodafone Italy	172
9.3.38	Vodafone Netherlands	172
9.3.39	Vodafone New Zealand	172
9.3.40	Vodafone Portugal	172
9.3.41	Vodafone Qatar	172
9.3.42	Vodafone Romania	172
9.3.43	Vodafone Spain	172
9.3.44	Vodafone UK	173
9.3.45	Zain Bahrain	173
9.3.46	Other Commitments	173
9.4	Case Studies	174
9.4.1	Capitalizing on Multiple HetNet Technologies: NTT DoCoMo	174
9.4.2	The Impact of LTE & Small Cells on Tier 2/3 Wireless Carriers	175
9.4.3	What is the TCO Impact of HetNet Deployments?	175
		
10	Chapter 10: Wireless Network Infrastructure Incumbents	177
10.1	Alcatel-Lucent	177
10.2	Cisco Systems	179
10.3	Ericsson	180
10.4	Fujitsu	182
10.5	Hitachi	183
10.6	Huawei	184
10.7	NEC Corporation	185
10.8	Nokia Networks	186
10.9	Samsung Electronics	187
10.10	ZTE	189
		
11	Chapter 11: Macrocell RAN, Small Cell, C-RAN & Mobile Core Specialists	190
11.1	Accelleran	190
11.2	Adax	191
11.3	ADB	192
11.4	Affirmed Networks	193
11.5	Airspan Networks	194
11.6	Airvana	195
11.7	Alpha Networks	196
11.8	Altiostar Networks	197
11.9	Arcadyan Technology Corporation	198
11.10	Argela	199
11.11	ARItel	200
11.12	Artemis Networks	201
11.13	Askey Computer Corporation	202
11.14	ASOCS	203
11.15	Athena Wireless Communications (Google)	204
11.16	Axxcelera Broadband Wireless (Moseley Associates)	205
11.17	Brocade Communications Systems	206
11.18	Casa Systems	207
11.19	CCI (Competitive Companies, Inc.)	208
11.20	Contela	209
11.21	Connectem (Brocade)	210
11.22	CS Corporation	211
11.23	Datang Mobile	212
11.24	Dongwon T&I	213
11.25	Femtel (Suzhou Femtel Communications)	214
11.26	Gemtek Technology Company	215
11.27	GENBAND	216
11.28	GWT (Global Wireless Technologies)	217
11.29	HP (Hewlett-Packard Company)	218
11.30	ip.access	219
11.31	Juni Global	220
11.32	Juniper Networks	221
11.33	Lemko	222
11.34	LGS Innovations	223
11.35	Mavenir (Mitel)	224
11.36	New Postcom Equipment Company	225
11.37	NewNet Communication Technologies	226
11.38	Nutaq	227
11.39	Oceus Networks	228
11.40	Panda Electronics (Nanjing Panda Electronics Company)	229
11.41	Parallel Wireless	230
11.42	Polaris Networks	231
11.43	Potevio (China Potevio Company)	232
11.44	Quanta Computer	233
11.45	Qucell	234
11.46	Quortus	235
11.47	Redline Communications	236
11.48	Sagemcom	237
11.49	Samji Electronics Company	238
11.50	SerComm Corporation	239
11.51	SK Telesys	240
11.52	SpiderCloud Wireless	241
11.53	Star Solutions	243
11.54	Sunnada (Fujian Sunnada Communication Company)	244
11.55	Taqua	245
11.56	Tecom	246
11.57	TEKTELIC Communications	247
11.58	Telum	248
11.59	Telrad Networks	249
11.60	WNC (Wistron NeWeb Corporation)	250
11.61	Z-Com (ZDC Wireless)	251
		
12	Chapter 12: Antenna, DAS & Repeater Solution Specialists	252
12.1	AceAxis	252
12.2	ADRF (Advanced RF Technologies)	252
12.3	Affarii Technologies	253
12.4	American Tower Corporation	253
12.5	Arqiva	254
12.6	Axis Teknologies	254
12.7	Black Box Corporation	255
12.8	BTI Wireless	256
12.9	CCI (Communication Components Inc.)	257
12.10	CCI (Crown Castle International)	258
12.11	CCI Systems	259
12.12	Cobham Wireless	260
12.13	Comba Telecom Systems Holdings	261
12.14	CommScope	262
12.15	Corning	263
12.16	Dali Wireless	264
12.17	DeltaNode (Bird Technologies)	265
12.18	Ethertronics	266
12.19	ExteNet Systems	267
12.20	Foxcom	268
12.21	Galtronics	268
12.22	Goodman Networks	269
12.23	GrenTech (China GrenTech Corporation)	270
12.24	JRC (Japan Radio Company)	271
12.25	JMA Wireless	272
12.26	Kisan Telecom	273
12.27	KMW	273
12.28	Kathrein-Werke KG	274
12.29	MER-CellO Wireless Solutions	275
12.30	Microlab (Wireless Telecom Group)	276
12.31	MTI Mobile	277
12.32	Nexius	278
12.33	Nextivity	279
12.34	RF Window	280
12.35	RFS (Radio Frequency Systems)	281
12.36	Rosenberger	282
12.37	SOLiD (SOLiD Technologies)	283
12.38	Sumitomo Electric Industries	284
12.39	TESSCO Technologies	285
12.40	Westell Technologies	286
12.41	Zinwave	287
		
13	Chapter 13: Carrier WiFi Specialists	288
13.1	4ipnet	288
13.2	ABB	289
13.3	Accuris Networks	290
13.4	Aerohive Networks	291
13.5	Alvarion Technologies	292
13.6	Aptilo Networks	293
13.7	Aruba Networks	294
13.8	Autelan	295
13.9	BandwidthX	296
13.10	Birdstep Technology	297
13.11	Browan Communications	298
13.12	BSG Wireless	299
13.13	D-Link Corporation	300
13.14	Edgewater Wireless Systems	301
13.15	EION Wireless	302
13.16	Firetide	303
13.17	Fortinet	304
13.18	Front Porch	305
13.19	GoNet Systems	306
13.20	Handlink Technologies	307
13.21	Meru Networks	308
13.22	Netgem	309
13.23	NETGEAR	310
13.24	Nomadix	311
13.25	Panasonic Corporation	312
13.26	Ro-Timak Technology	313
13.27	Ruckus Wireless	314
13.28	Senao Networks	315
13.29	Smith Micro Software	316
13.30	SpectrumMax	317
13.31	Syniverse Technologies	318
13.32	TP-LINK Technologies	319
13.33	Tranzeo Wireless Technologies	320
13.34	Ubiquiti Networks	321
13.35	WeFi	322
13.36	Zebra Technologies Corporation	323
13.37	ZyXEL	324
		
14	Chapter 14: Enabling Technology Providers	325
14.1	6WIND	325
14.2	Ablaze Wireless	326
14.3	Accelink Technologies	327
14.4	ADLINK Technology	328
14.5	ADI (Analog Devices Inc.)	329
14.6	AirHop Communications	330
14.7	AKM (Asahi Kasei Microdevices)	331
14.8	Allot Communications	332
14.9	Altera Corporation	333
14.10	Amarisoft	334
14.11	Amdocs	335
14.12	Anite	336
14.13	Anritsu Corporation	337
14.14	Aricent	337
14.15	ARM Holdings	339
14.16	Astellia	340
14.17	ASTRI (Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute)	341
14.18	Avago Technologies	342
14.19	Azcom Technology	343
14.20	Benetel	344
14.21	Blu Wireless Technology	345
14.22	Broadcom	346
14.23	Cadence Design Systems	347
14.24	Cavium	348
14.25	CeedTec	349
14.26	Cellwize	350
14.27	Celtro	351
14.28	Coherent Logix	352
14.29	Comcores ApS	353
14.30	CommAgility	354
14.31	ConteXtream	355
14.32	Cyan	356
14.33	D2 Technologies	357
14.34	Dell	358
14.35	Direct Beam	359
14.36	eASIC Corporation	360
14.37	Eden Rock Communications (Nokia)	361
14.38	EDX Wireless	362
14.39	Eoptolink Technology	363
14.40	ERCOM	364
14.41	EXFO	365
14.42	EZchip Semiconductor	366
14.43	Federated Wireless	367
14.44	Faraday Technology Corporation	368
14.45	Finisar Corporation	369
14.46	GigaLight (Shenzhen Gigalight Technology Company)	370
14.47	GlobalFoundaries	371
14.48	Hisense (Hisense Broadband Multimedia Technology)	372
14.49	HG Genuine	373
14.50	IMEC International	374
14.51	InfoVista	375
14.52	InnoLight Technology Corporation	376
14.53	Intel Corporation	377
14.54	InterDigital	379
14.55	iPosi	380
14.56	Ixia	381
14.57	JDSU (JDS Uniphase Corporation)	382
14.58	Keysight Technologies	383
14.59	Kumu Networks	384
14.60	Lattice Semiconductor	385
14.61	Lime Microsystems	386
14.62	Macom (M/A-COM Technology Solutions)	387
14.63	Maxim Integrated	388
14.64	Microsemi Corporation	389
14.65	Mitsubishi Electric Corporation	390
14.66	Mobiveil	391
14.67	Molex	392
14.68	Nash Technologies	393
14.69	Node-H	394
14.70	Nomor Research	395
14.71	NXP Semiconductors	396
14.72	OE Solutions	397
14.73	Octasic	398
14.74	Optulink	399
14.75	P.I. Works	400
14.76	Pletronics	401
14.77	PMC-Sierra	402
14.78	Procera Networks	403
14.79	Public Wireless	404
14.80	Qualcomm	405
14.81	Qulsar	406
14.82	QEOS	407
14.83	Qwilt	408
14.84	RADCOM	409
14.85	Radisys Corporation	410
14.86	Rakon	411
14.87	Red Hat	412
14.88	Reverb Networks	413
14.89	RF DSP	414
14.90	Saguna Networks	415
14.91	SAI Technology	416
14.92	Sistelbanda	417
14.93	Source Photonics	418
14.94	Tata Elxsi	419
14.95	TEOCO Corporation	420
14.96	TI (Texas Instruments)	421
14.97	Tulinx	422
14.98	U-blox	423
14.99	Vectron International	424
14.100	VPIsystems	425
14.101	WiPro	426
14.102	XCellAir	427
14.103	Xelic	428
14.104	Xilinx	429
		
15	Chapter 15: Mobile Backhaul & Fronthaul Vendors	430
15.1	3Roam	430
15.2	4RF	430
15.3	Accedian Networks	431
15.4	Actelis Networks	432
15.5	Actiontec	432
15.6	Actus Networks	432
15.7	ADTRAN	433
15.8	ADVA Optical Networking	434
15.9	Advantech Wireless	434
15.10	ALAXALA Networks	434
15.11	Albis Technologies	435
15.12	ALCOMA	435
15.13	Allied Data Technologies	435
15.14	Allied Telesis	436
15.15	Aquantia	436
15.16	Arris	437
15.17	Avanti Communications	437
15.18	Aviat Networks	438
15.19	AVM	439
15.20	BLiNQ Networks	439
15.21	BluWan	440
15.22	BridgeWave Communications	441
15.23	BTI Systems	442
15.24	CableFree Solutions	442
15.25	Calix	442
15.26	Cambium Networks	443
15.27	Canoga Perkins	444
15.28	Carlson Wireless Technologies	444
15.29	CBNL (Cambridge Broadband Networks Ltd.)	445
15.30	CCS (Cambridge Communication Systems)	446
15.31	Ceragon	447
15.32	Cielo Networks	448
15.33	Ciena Corporation	448
15.34	Comtrend	448
15.35	Corecess	449
15.36	DASAN Networks	449
15.37	DragonWave	450
15.38	E-Band Communications (Moseley Associates)	451
15.39	E-Blink	452
15.40	ECI Telecom	453
15.41	Elva-1	453
15.42	Exalt Communications	454
15.43	Extreme Networks	455
15.44	FastBack Networks	456
15.45	Fiberhome Technologies	457
15.46	FibroLan	457
15.47	Genmix Technology	458
15.48	Gilat Satellite Networks	458
15.49	HFR	459
15.50	Huahuan	459
15.51	Hughes Network Systems	460
15.52	HXI	460
15.53	iDirect	461
15.54	Intracom Telecom	462
15.55	IPITEK	463
15.56	Iskratel	463
15.57	KEYMILE	463
15.58	LightPointe Communications	464
15.59	Loea Corporation	465
15.60	MAX4G	465
15.61	Microwave Networks	466
15.62	MIMOtech	467
15.63	MRV Communications	468
15.64	Nexcomm Systems	468
15.65	NexxComm Wireless	468
15.66	Omnitron Systems	469
15.67	OneAccess Networks	469
15.68	Overture Networks	469
15.69	Polewall	470
15.70	Positron	470
15.71	Proxim Wireless Corporation	471
15.72	RACOM	472
15.73	RAD Data Communications	472
15.74	RADWIN	473
15.75	SAF Tehnika	474
15.76	SIAE Microelectronics (SIAE Microelectronica)	474
15.77	Siklu	475
15.78	SkyFiber	476
15.79	SMC Networks	476
15.80	Solectek	476
15.81	Star Microwave	477
15.82	Tarana Wireless	477
15.83	Telco Systems	478
15.84	Tellabs	478
15.85	Tellion	479
15.86	Tellumat	479
15.87	Telsey	479
15.88	Tilgin	480
15.89	Trango Systems	480
15.90	Transmode	480
15.91	Ubiquoss	481
15.92	UTStarcom	481
15.93	Vubiq Networks	481
15.94	Wave1	482
15.95	Wavesight	482
15.96	Xavi Technologies	482
15.97	Yamaha Corporation	483
15.98	Zhone Technologies	483
		
16	Chapter 16: Market Analysis and Forecasts	484
16.1	The Global Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Market: 2015 – 2020	484
16.1.1	Global Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Installed Base	484
16.1.1.1	Global Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Installed Base Compared	485
16.1.1.2	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Installed Base by Region	485
16.1.2	Global Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments & Revenue	486
16.1.2.1	Global Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments & Revenue Compared	487
16.1.2.2	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments & Revenue by Region	488
16.1.3	Global Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Data Service Revenue	489
16.1.3.1	Global Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Data Service Revenue Compared	489
16.1.3.2	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Data Service Revenue by Region	490
16.2	The Global Small Cell Market: 2015 – 2020	491
16.2.1	Global Throughput of Small Cell Data Traffic	491
16.2.2	Global Small Cell Installed Base	491
16.2.3	Global Small Cell Installed Base by Cell Size (Femto, Pico, Micro)	492
16.2.3.1	Global Femtocell Installed Base	492
16.2.3.2	Global Picocell Installed Base	493
16.2.3.3	Global Microcell Installed Base	493
16.2.4	Global Small Cell Installed Base by Deployment Model (Home/Residential, Enterprise, Metro, Rural)	494
16.2.4.1	Home/Residential Small Cell Installed Base	495
16.2.4.2	Enterprise Small Cell Installed Base	495
16.2.4.3	Metro Small Cell Installed Base	496
16.2.4.4	Rural Small Cell Installed Base	496
16.2.5	Global Small Cell Installed Base by Air Interface Technology Generation (2G, 3G, 4G)	497
16.2.5.1	2G/3G (CDMA2000/GSM/W-CDMA) Small Cell Installed Base	498
16.2.5.2	4G (LTE/WiMAX) Small Cell Installed Base	498
16.2.6	Global Small Cell Installed Base by Air Interface Technology (GSM/W-CDMA/HSPA, CDMA2000/EV-DO, LTE FDD/TD-LTE, WiMAX)	499
16.2.6.1	GSM/W-CDMA/HSPA Small Cell Installed Base	499
16.2.6.2	CDMA2000/EV-DO Small Cell Installed Base	500
16.2.6.3	LTE FDD Small Cell Installed Base	500
16.2.6.4	TD-LTE Small Cell Installed Base	501
16.2.6.5	WiMAX Small Cell Installed Base	501
16.2.7	Small Cell Installed Base by Region	502
16.2.8	Global Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue	502
16.2.9	Global Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue by Cell Size (Femto, Pico, Micro)	504
16.2.9.1	Global Femtocell Unit Shipments & Revenue	505
16.2.9.2	Global Picocell Unit Shipments & Revenue	506
16.2.9.3	Global Microcell Unit Shipments & Revenue	507
16.2.10	Global Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue by Deployment Model (Home/Residential, Enterprise, Metro, Rural)	508
16.2.10.1	Home/Residential Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue	509
16.2.10.2	Enterprise Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue	510
16.2.10.3	Metro Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue	511
16.2.10.4	Rural Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue	512
16.2.11	Global Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue by Air Interface Technology Generation (2G, 3G, 4G)	513
16.2.11.1	2G/3G (CDMA2000/GSM/W-CDMA) Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue	514
16.2.11.2	4G (LTE/WiMAX) Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue	515
16.2.12	Global Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue by Air Interface Technology (GSM/W-CDMA/HSPA, CDMA2000/EV-DO, LTE FDD/TD-LTE, WiMAX)	516
16.2.12.1	GSM/W-CDMA/HSPA Small Cell Unit Shipments &  Revenue	517
16.2.12.2	CDMA2000/EV-DO Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue	518
16.2.12.3	LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue	519
16.2.12.4	TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue	520
16.2.12.5	WiMAX Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue	521
16.2.13	Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue by Region	522
16.2.14	Global Small Cell Mobile Data Service Revenue	523
16.2.15	Small Cell Mobile Data Service Revenue by Region	523
16.3	The Global Carrier WiFi Market: 2015 – 2020	524
16.3.1	Global Throughput of Carrier WiFi Data Traffic	524
16.3.2	Global Carrier WiFi Installed Base	524
16.3.3	Global Carrier WiFi Installed Base by Equipment Type (Access Points, Access Point Controllers)	525
16.3.3.1	Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Installed Base	525
16.3.3.2	Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Controller Installed Base	526
16.3.4	Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Installed Base by Integration Approach (Managed WiFi Offload, Unmanaged ‘Open Access’ WiFi)	526
16.3.4.1	Managed WiFi Offload Access Point Installed Base	527
16.3.4.2	Unmanaged ‘Open Access’ WiFi Access Point Installed Base	527
16.3.5	Carrier WiFi Installed Base by Region	528
16.3.6	Global Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments & Revenue	529
16.3.7	Global Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments & Revenue by Equipment Type (Access Points, Access Point Controllers)	530
16.3.7.1	Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Unit Shipments & Revenue	531
16.3.7.2	Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Controller Unit Shipments & Revenue	532
16.3.8	Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Unit Shipments & Revenue by Integration Approach (Managed WiFi Offload, Unmanaged 'Open Access' WiFi)	533
16.3.8.1	Global Managed WiFi Offload Access Point Unit Shipments & Revenue	534
16.3.8.2	Global Unmanaged ‘Open Access’ WiFi Access Point Unit Shipments & Revenue	535
16.3.9	Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments & Revenue by Region	536
16.3.10	Global Carrier WiFi Mobile Data Service Revenue	537
16.3.11	Carrier WiFi Mobile Data Service Revenue by Region	537
16.4	The Global C-RAN Market: 2015 – 2020	538
16.4.1	Global Throughput of C-RAN & Macrocell Data Traffic	538
16.4.2	Global C-RAN Infrastructure Spending	538
16.4.3	Submarket Segmentation	539
16.4.4	RRH (Remote Radio Head) Unit Shipments & Revenue	540
16.4.5	C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue	541
16.4.6	C-RAN BBU (Baseband Unit) Revenue	542
16.4.7	Mobile Fronthaul Revenue	542
16.4.8	C-RAN Infrastructure Spending by Region	543
16.5	The Global DAS Market: 2015 – 2020	544
16.5.1	Global Throughput of DAS Data Traffic	544
16.5.2	Global DAS Node Unit Shipments & Revenue	544
16.5.3	Indoor vs. Outdoor Segmentation	545
16.5.4	Indoor DAS Node Unit Shipments & Revenue	547
16.5.5	Outdoor DAS Node Unit Shipments & Revenue	548
16.5.6	DAS Node Unit Shipments & Revenue by Region	549
16.6	The Global Small Cell Backhaul Market: 2015 – 2020	550
16.6.1	Global Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending	550
16.6.2	Global Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending by Technology	551
16.6.2.1	Ethernet over Copper	552
16.6.2.2	Ethernet over Fiber	552
16.6.2.3	DSL Modems and DSLAMs	553
16.6.2.4	NLOS Microwave (Below 6 GHz)	553
16.6.2.5	PTP Microwave (6-60 GHz)	554
16.6.2.6	PTMP Microwave (6-60 GHz)	554
16.6.2.7	Millimeter Wave (Unlicensed 60 GHz)	555
16.6.2.8	Millimeter Wave (Licensed 71-76 GHz, 81-86 GHz)	555
16.6.2.9	Satellite	556
16.6.3	Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending by Region	556
16.7	The Global C-RAN Fronthaul Market: 2015 – 2020	557
16.7.1	Global C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending	557
16.7.2	Global C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending by Technology	557
16.7.2.1	Dedicated Fiber	558
16.7.2.2	WDM	558
16.7.2.3	OTN & PON	559
16.7.2.4	Ethernet	559
16.7.2.5	Microwave	560
16.7.2.6	Millimeter Wave	560
16.7.3	C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending by Region	561
16.8	The Global SON Market: 2015 – 2020	562
16.8.1	Global SON Solution Spending	562
16.8.2	SON Solution Spending by Region	562
16.9	The Global SCaaS Market: 2015 – 2020	563
16.9.1	Global SCaaS Revenue	563
16.9.2	SCaaS Revenue by Region	563
16.10	The Global Mobile Network Data Service Market: 2015 – 2020	564
16.10.1	Global Mobile Network Data Service Revenue	564
16.10.2	Global Mobile Network Data Service Revenue by Access Network Type (Macrocell, C-RAN, Small Cell, Carrier WiFi, DAS)	564
16.10.2.1	Macrocell & C-RAN based Mobile Network Data Service Revenue	565
16.10.2.2	Small Cell based Mobile Network Data Service Revenue	565
16.10.2.3	Carrier WiFi based Mobile Network Data Service Revenue	566
16.10.2.4	DAS based Mobile Network Data Service Revenue	566
16.10.3	Mobile Network Data Service Revenue by Region	567
16.11	North America Market: 2015 – 2020	568
16.11.1	Annual Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic in North America	568
16.11.2	Mobile Network Data Service Revenue in North America	568
16.11.3	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Installed Base in North America	569
16.11.4	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments & Revenue in North America	569
16.11.5	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Data Service Revenue in North America	570
16.11.6	Small Cell Installed Base in North America	571
16.11.7	Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue in North America	571
16.11.8	Small Cell Mobile Data Service Revenue in North America	572
16.11.9	Carrier WiFi Installed Base in North America	573
16.11.10	Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments & Revenue in North America	573
16.11.11	Carrier WiFi Mobile Data Service Revenue in North America	574
16.11.12	C-RAN Revenue in North America	575
16.11.13	RRH Unit Shipments & Revenue in North America	575
16.11.14	C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue in North America	576
16.11.15	C-RAN BBU Revenue in North America	577
16.11.16	DAS Node Shipments & Revenue in North America	578
16.11.17	Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending in North America	579
16.11.18	C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending in North America	579
16.11.19	SON Solution Spending in North America	580
16.11.20	SCaaS Revenue in North America	580
16.12	Asia Pacific Market: 2015 – 2020	581
16.12.1	Annual Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic in Asia Pacific	581
16.12.2	Mobile Network Data Service Revenue in Asia Pacific	581
16.12.3	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Asia Pacific	582
16.12.4	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments & Revenue in Asia Pacific	582
16.12.5	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Data Service Revenue in Asia Pacific	583
16.12.6	Small Cell Installed Base in Asia Pacific	584
16.12.7	Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue in Asia Pacific	584
16.12.8	Small Cell Mobile Data Service Revenue in Asia Pacific	585
16.12.9	Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Asia Pacific	586
16.12.10	Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments & Revenue in Asia Pacific	586
16.12.11	Carrier WiFi Mobile Data Service Revenue in Asia Pacific	587
16.12.12	C-RAN Revenue in Asia Pacific	588
16.12.13	RRH Unit Shipments & Revenue in Asia Pacific	588
16.12.14	C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue in Asia Pacific	589
16.12.15	C-RAN BBU Revenue in Asia Pacific	590
16.12.16	DAS Node Unit Shipments & Revenue in Asia Pacific	591
16.12.17	Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending in Asia Pacific	592
16.12.18	C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending in Asia Pacific	592
16.12.19	SON Solution Spending in Asia Pacific	593
16.12.20	SCaaS Revenue in Asia Pacific	593
16.13	Western Europe Market: 2015 – 2020	594
16.13.1	Annual Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic in Western Europe	594
16.13.2	Mobile Network Data Service Revenue in Western Europe	594
16.13.3	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Western Europe	595
16.13.4	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments & Revenue in Western Europe	595
16.13.5	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Data Service Revenue in Western Europe	596
16.13.6	Small Cell Installed Base in Western Europe	597
16.13.7	Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue in Western Europe	597
16.13.8	Small Cell Mobile Data Service Revenue in Western Europe	598
16.13.9	Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Western Europe	599
16.13.10	Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments & Revenue in Western Europe	599
16.13.11	Carrier WiFi Mobile Data Service Revenue in Western Europe	600
16.13.12	C-RAN Revenue in Western Europe	601
16.13.13	RRH Unit Shipments & Revenue in Western Europe	601
16.13.14	C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue in Western Europe	602
16.13.15	C-RAN BBU Revenue in Western Europe	603
16.13.16	DAS Node Unit Shipments & Revenue in Western Europe	604
16.13.17	Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending in Western Europe	605
16.13.18	C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending in Western Europe	605
16.13.19	SON Solution Spending in Western Europe	606
16.13.20	SCaaS Revenue in Western Europe	606
16.14	Eastern Europe Market: 2015 – 2020	607
16.14.1	Annual Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic in Eastern Europe	607
16.14.2	Mobile Network Data Service Revenue in Eastern Europe	607
16.14.3	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Eastern Europe	608
16.14.4	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments & Revenue in Eastern Europe	608
16.14.5	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Data Service Revenue in Eastern Europe	609
16.14.6	Small Cell Installed Base in Eastern Europe	610
16.14.7	Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue in Eastern Europe	610
16.14.8	Small Cell Mobile Data Service Revenue in Eastern Europe	611
16.14.9	Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Eastern Europe	612
16.14.10	Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments & Revenue in Eastern Europe	612
16.14.11	Carrier WiFi Mobile Data Service Revenue in Eastern Europe	613
16.14.12	C-RAN Revenue in Eastern Europe	614
16.14.13	RRH Unit Shipments & Revenue in Eastern Europe	614
16.14.14	C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue in Eastern Europe	615
16.14.15	C-RAN BBU Revenue in Eastern Europe	616
16.14.16	DAS Node Unit Shipments & Revenue in Eastern Europe	617
16.14.17	Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending in Eastern Europe	618
16.14.18	C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending in Eastern Europe	618
16.14.19	SON Solution Spending in Eastern Europe	619
16.14.20	SCaaS Revenue in Eastern Europe	619
16.15	Middle East & Africa Market: 2015 – 2020	620
16.15.1	Annual Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic in Middle East & Africa	620
16.15.2	Mobile Network Data Service Revenue in Middle East & Africa	620
16.15.3	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Middle East & Africa	621
16.15.4	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments & Revenue in Middle East & Africa	621
16.15.5	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Data Service Revenue in Middle East & Africa	622
16.15.6	Small Cell Installed Base in Middle East & Africa	623
16.15.7	Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue in Middle East & Africa	623
16.15.8	Small Cell Mobile Data Service Revenue in Middle East & Africa	624
16.15.9	Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Middle East & Africa	625
16.15.10	Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments & Revenue in Middle East & Africa	625
16.15.11	Carrier WiFi Mobile Data Service Revenue in Middle East & Africa	626
16.15.12	C-RAN Revenue in Middle East & Africa	627
16.15.13	RRH Unit Shipments & Revenue in Middle East & Africa	627
16.15.14	C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue in Middle East & Africa	628
16.15.15	C-RAN BBU Revenue in Middle East & Africa	629
16.15.16	DAS Node Shipments & Revenue in Middle East & Africa	630
16.15.17	Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending in Middle East & Africa	631
16.15.18	C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending in Middle East & Africa	631
16.15.19	SON Solution Spending in Middle East & Africa	632
16.15.20	SCaaS Revenue in Middle East & Africa	632
16.16	Latin & Central America Market: 2015 – 2020	633
16.16.1	Annual Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic in Latin & Central America	633
16.16.2	Mobile Network Data Service Revenue in Latin & Central America	633
16.16.3	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Latin & Central America	634
16.16.4	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments & Revenue in Latin & Central America	634
16.16.5	Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Data Service Revenue in Latin & Central America	635
16.16.6	Small Cell Installed Base in Latin & Central America	636
16.16.7	Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue in Latin & Central America	636
16.16.8	Small Cell Mobile Data Service Revenue in Latin & Central America	637
16.16.9	Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Latin & Central America	638
16.16.10	Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments & Revenue in Latin & Central America	638
16.16.11	Carrier WiFi Mobile Data Service Revenue in Latin & Central America	639
16.16.12	C-RAN Revenue in Latin & Central America	640
16.16.13	RRH Unit Shipments & Revenue in Latin & Central America	640
16.16.14	C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue in Latin & Central America	641
16.16.15	C-RAN BBU Revenue in Latin & Central America	642
16.16.16	DAS Node Shipments & Revenue in Latin & Central America	643
16.16.17	Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending in Latin & Central America	644
16.16.18	C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending in Latin & Central America	644
16.16.19	SON Solution Spending in Latin & Central America	645
16.16.20	SCaaS Revenue in Latin & Central America	645
		
17	Chapter 17: Conclusion and Strategic Recommendations	646
17.1	Small Cells, WiFi, C-RAN or DAS: Which Implementation will lead HetNet Deployments?	646
17.2	The Formula for Success: Selecting the Right Combination of HetNet Technologies	647
17.3	SON Integration is Key	647
17.4	Offloading with TD-LTE Small Cells	648
17.5	LTE-U: The Emergence of Unlicensed Small Cells	649
17.5.1	Commercial Prospects: How Big is the Opportunity?	649
17.5.2	Wireless Carrier Commitments	651
17.5.3	WiFi Community Concerns	651
17.6	Are C-RAN Deployments Gaining Traction?	652
17.7	What are the Prospects for Virtualized RAN Architectures?	653
17.8	Distributing Baseband Intelligence: Towards C-RAN Small Cells	654
17.9	Accelerating the Transition to Military, Tactical & Public Safety LTE Networks	655
17.10	Standardization Driving RAN & Carrier WiFi Integration	658
17.11	Prospects of Enterprise RAN Deployments	659
17.12	Network Visibility & OAM	660
17.13	Addressing Network Security: IPsec	660
17.14	Market Share: Rise of the Non-Macro Vendors	661
17.14.1	Small Cell	661
17.14.2	Carrier WiFi	661
17.14.3	C-RAN	662
17.14.4	DAS	663
17.15	The Opportunity for Small Cells in Emerging Rural Markets	664
17.16	Strategic Recommendations	665
17.16.1	Recommendations for HetNet Solution Vendors	665
17.16.2	Recommendations for Wireless Carriers	665
17.16.3	Recommendations for Macrocell Infrastructure Vendors	666
17.16.4	Recommendations for Backhaul & Fronthaul Solution Providers	666

List of Figures	
	Figure 1: Global LTE Subscriptions by Region: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	62
	Figure 2: HetNet Architecture	63
	Figure 3: Small Cell Coverage Range Comparison	65
	Figure 4: Small Cell Characteristics & Comparison to Macrocells	66
	Figure 5: Mobile Network Data Offloading via WiFi	69
	Figure 6: C-RAN Architecture	72
	Figure 7: Annual Global Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic by Region: 2010 – 2020 (Exabytes)	78
	Figure 8: Annual Global Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic by Access Network Type (Macrocell, C-RAN, Small Cells, Carrier WiFi, DAS): 2010 – 2020 (Exabytes)	79
	Figure 9: Global DAS Spending: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million)	82
	Figure 10: Iuh based Small Cell Integration in a 3G Mobile Network	87
	Figure 11: Iub based Small Cell Integration in a 3G Mobile Network	88
	Figure 12: S1 Interface based Small Cell Integration in an LTE Network	89
	Figure 13: HetNet Industry Roadmap: 2010 - 2020	103
	Figure 14: Annual Global Throughput of Small Cells and Carrier WiFi Data Networks: 2010 – 2020 (Exabytes)	105
	Figure 15: The HetNet Value Chain	107
	Figure 16: List of LTE Trials & Deployments	111
	Figure 17: SCaaS Provider and Wireless Carrier Responsibilities in a SCaaS Offering	121
	Figure 18: Small Cell Forum’s Scope	137
	Figure 19: Small Cell Forum Working Groups	138
	Figure 20: NTT DoCoMo’s Advanced C-RAN Architecture	174
	Figure 21: Global Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units)	484
	Figure 22: Global Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Installed Base Compared: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	485
	Figure 23: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Installed Base by Region: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	485
	Figure 24: Global Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units)	486
	Figure 25: Global Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	486
	Figure 26: Global Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments Compared: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	487
	Figure 27: Global Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue Compared: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	487
	Figure 28: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments by Region: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	488
	Figure 29: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	488
	Figure 30: Global Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Data Service Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	489
	Figure 31: Global Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Data Service Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	489
	Figure 32: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Data Service Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	490
	Figure 33: Annual Global Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic over Small Cells: 2010 - 2020 (Exabytes)	491
	Figure 34: Global Small Cell Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	491
	Figure 35: Global Small Cell Installed Base by Cell Size (Femto, Pico, Micro): 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	492
	Figure 36: Global Femtocell Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	492
	Figure 37: Global Picocell Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	493
	Figure 38: Global Microcell Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	493
	Figure 39: Global Small Cell Installed Base by Deployment Model (Home/Residential, Enterprise, Metro, Rural): 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	494
	Figure 40: Home/Residential Small Cell Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	495
	Figure 41: Enterprise Small Cell Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	495
	Figure 42: Metro Small Cell Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	496
	Figure 43: Rural Small Cell Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	496
	Figure 44: Global Small Cell Installed Base by Air Interface Technology Generation (2G, 3G, 4G): 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	497
	Figure 45: 2G/3G (CDMA2000/GSM-WCDMA) Small Cell Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	498
	Figure 46: 4G (LTE/WiMAX) Small Cell Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	498
	Figure 47: Global Small Cell Installed Base by Air Interface Technology (GSM/W-CDMA/HSPA, CDMA2000/EV-DO, LTE FDD/TD-LTE, WiMAX): 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	499
	Figure 48: GSM/W-CDMA/HSPA Small Cell Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	499
	Figure 49: CDMA2000/EV-DO Small Cell Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	500
	Figure 50: LTE FDD Small Cell Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	500
	Figure 51: TD-LTE Small Cell Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	501
	Figure 52: WiMAX Small Cell Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	501
	Figure 53: Small Cell Installed Base by Region: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	502
	Figure 54: Global Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units)	502
	Figure 55: Global Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	503
	Figure 56: Global Small Cell Unit Shipments by Cell Size (Femto, Pico, Micro): 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units)	504
	Figure 57: Global Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue by Cell Size (Femto, Pico, Micro): 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	504
	Figure 58: Global Femtocell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units)	505
	Figure 59: Global Femtocell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	505
	Figure 60: Global Picocell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units)	506
	Figure 61: Global Picocell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	506
	Figure 62: Global Microcell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units)	507
	Figure 63: Global Microcell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	507
	Figure 64: Global Small Cell Unit Shipments by Deployment Model (Residential, Enterprise, Metro, Rural): 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	508
	Figure 65: Global Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue by Deployment Model (Residential, Enterprise, Metro, Rural): 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	508
	Figure 66: Home/Residential Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	509
	Figure 67: Home/Residential Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	509
	Figure 68: Enterprise Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	510
	Figure 69: Enterprise Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	510
	Figure 70: Metro Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	511
	Figure 71: Metro Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	511
	Figure 72: Rural Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	512
	Figure 73: Rural Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	512
	Figure 74: Global Small Cell Unit Shipments by Air Interface Technology Generation (2G, 3G, 4G): 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	513
	Figure 75: Global Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue by Air Interface Technology Generation (2G, 3G, 4G): 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	513
	Figure 76: 2G/3G (CDMA2000/GSM/W-CDMA) Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	514
	Figure 77: 2G/3G (CDMA2000/GSM/W-CDMA) Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	514
	Figure 78: 4G (LTE/WiMAX) Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	515
	Figure 79: 4G (LTE/WiMAX) Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	515
	Figure 80: Global Small Cell Unit Shipments by Air Interface Technology (GSM/W-CDMA/HSPA, CDMA2000/EV-DO, LTE FDD, TD-LTE, WiMAX): 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	516
	Figure 81: Global Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue by Air Interface Technology (GSM/W-CDMA/HSPA, CDMA2000/EV-DO, LTE FDD, TD-LTE, WiMAX): 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	516
	Figure 82: GSM/W-CDMA/HSPA Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	517
	Figure 83: GSM/W-CDMA/HSPA Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	517
	Figure 84: CDMA2000/EV-DO Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	518
	Figure 85: CDMA2000/EV-DO Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	518
	Figure 86: LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	519
	Figure 87: LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	519
	Figure 88: TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	520
	Figure 89: TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	520
	Figure 90: WiMAX Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	521
	Figure 91: WiMAX Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	521
	Figure 92: Small Cell Unit Shipments by Region: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	522
	Figure 93: Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	522
	Figure 94: Global Small Cell Mobile Data Service Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	523
	Figure 95: Small Cell Mobile Data Service Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	523
	Figure 96: Annual Global Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic over Carrier WiFi: 2010 - 2020 (Exabytes)	524
	Figure 97: Global Carrier WiFi Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	524
	Figure 98: Global Carrier WiFi Installed Base by Equipment Type (Access Points, Access Point Controllers): 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	525
	Figure 99: Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	525
	Figure 100: Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Controller Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	526
	Figure 101: Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Installed Base by Integration Approach (Managed WiFi Offload, Unmanaged ‘Open Access’ WiFi): 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	526
	Figure 102: Managed WiFi Offload Access Point Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	527
	Figure 103: Unmanaged ‘Open Access’ WiFi Access Point Installed Base: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	527
	Figure 104: Carrier WiFi Installed Base by Region: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	528
	Figure 105: Global Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	529
	Figure 106: Global Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	529
	Figure 107: Global Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments by Equipment Type (Access Points, Access Point Controllers): 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	530
	Figure 108: Global Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue by Equipment Type (Access Points, Access Point Controllers): 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	530
	Figure 109: Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	531
	Figure 110: Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	531
	Figure 111: Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Controller Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	532
	Figure 112: Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Controller Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	532
	Figure 113: Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Unit Shipments by Integration Approach (Managed WiFi Offload, Unmanaged 'Open Access' WiFi): 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	533
	Figure 114: Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Unit Shipment Revenue by Integration Approach (Managed WiFi Offload, Unmanaged 'Open Access' WiFi): 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	533
	Figure 115: Global Managed WiFi Offload Access Point Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	534
	Figure 116: Global Managed WiFi Offload Access Point Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	534
	Figure 117: Global Unmanaged ‘Open Access’ WiFi Access Point Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	535
	Figure 118: Global Unmanaged ‘Open Access’ WiFi Access Point Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	535
	Figure 119: Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments by Region: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	536
	Figure 120: Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	536
	Figure 121: Global Carrier WiFi Mobile Data Service Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	537
	Figure 122: Carrier WiFi Mobile Data Service Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	537
	Figure 123: Annual Global Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic over C-RAN & Macrocell BBUs: 2010 - 2020 (Exabytes)	538
	Figure 124: Global C-RAN Infrastructure Spending: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	538
	Figure 125: Global C-RAN Infrastructure Spending by Submarket: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	539
	Figure 126: Global RRH Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	540
	Figure 127: Global RRH Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	540
	Figure 128: Global C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	541
	Figure 129: Global C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	541
	Figure 130: Global C-RAN BBU Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	542
	Figure 131: Global Mobile Fronthaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	542
	Figure 132: C-RAN Infrastructure Spending by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	543
	Figure 133: Annual Global Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic over DAS: 2010 - 2020 (Exabytes)	544
	Figure 134: Global DAS Node Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	544
	Figure 135: Global DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	545
	Figure 136: DAS Node Unit Shipments by Deployment Model: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	545
	Figure 137: DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue by Deployment Model: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	546
	Figure 138: Indoor DAS Node Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	547
	Figure 139: Indoor DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	547
	Figure 140: Outdoor DAS Node Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	548
	Figure 141: Outdoor DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	548
	Figure 142: DAS Node Unit Shipments by Region: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	549
	Figure 143: DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	549
	Figure 144: Global Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	550
	Figure 145: Global Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending by Technology: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	551
	Figure 146: Ethernet over Copper Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	552
	Figure 147: Ethernet over Fiber Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	552
	Figure 148: DSL Modems and DSLAMs Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	553
	Figure 149: NLOS Microwave (Below 6 GHz) Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	553
	Figure 150: PTP Microwave (6-60GHz) Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	554
	Figure 151: PTMP Microwave (6-60GHz) Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	554
	Figure 152: Millimeter Wave (Unlicensed 60GHz) Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	555
	Figure 153: Millimeter Wave (Licensed 71-76GHz, 81-86GHz) Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	555
	Figure 154: Satellite Based Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	556
	Figure 155: Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	556
	Figure 156: Global C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	557
	Figure 157: Global C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending by Technology: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	557
	Figure 158: Dedicated Fiber C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	558
	Figure 159: WDM C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	558
	Figure 160: OTN & PON C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	559
	Figure 161: Ethernet C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	559
	Figure 162: Microwave C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	560
	Figure 163: Millimeter Wave C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	560
	Figure 164: C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	561
	Figure 165: Global SON Solution Spending: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	562
	Figure 166: SON Solution Spending by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	562
	Figure 167: Global SCaaS Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	563
	Figure 168: SCaaS Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	563
	Figure 169: Global Mobile Network Data Service Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	564
	Figure 170: Global Mobile Network Data Service Revenue by Access Network Type (Macrocell, C-RAN, Small Cell, Carrier WiFi, DAS): 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	564
	Figure 171: Macrocell & C-RAN based Mobile Network Data Service Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	565
	Figure 172: Small Cell based Mobile Network Data Service Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	565
	Figure 173: Carrier WiFi based Mobile Network Data Service Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	566
	Figure 174: DAS based Mobile Network Data Service Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	566
	Figure 175: Mobile Network Data Service Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	567
	Figure 176: Annual Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic in North America: 2010 – 2020 (Exabytes)	568
	Figure 177: Mobile Network Data Service Revenue in North America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	568
	Figure 178: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Installed Base in North America: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	569
	Figure 179: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments in North America: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	569
	Figure 180: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue in North America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	570
	Figure 181: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Data Service Revenue in North America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	570
	Figure 182: Small Cell Installed Base in North America: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	571
	Figure 183: Small Cell Unit Shipments in North America: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	571
	Figure 184: Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in North America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	572
	Figure 185: Small Cell Mobile Data Service Revenue in North America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	572
	Figure 186: Carrier WiFi Installed Base in North America: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	573
	Figure 187: Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments in North America: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	573
	Figure 188: Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue in North America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	574
	Figure 189: Carrier WiFi Mobile Data Service Revenue in North America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	574
	Figure 190: C-RAN Revenue in North America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	575
	Figure 191: RRH Unit Shipments in North America: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	575
	Figure 192: RRH Unit Shipment Revenue in North America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	576
	Figure 193: C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments in North America: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	576
	Figure 194: C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in North America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	577
	Figure 195: C-RAN BBU Revenue in North America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	577
	Figure 196: DAS Node Unit Shipments in North America: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	578
	Figure 197: DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue in North America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	578
	Figure 198: Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending in North America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	579
	Figure 199: C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending in North America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	579
	Figure 200: SON Solution Spending in North America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	580
	Figure 201: SCaaS Revenue in North America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	580
	Figure 202: Annual Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic in Asia Pacific: 2010 – 2020 (Exabytes)	581
	Figure 203: Mobile Network Data Service Revenue in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	581
	Figure 204: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	582
	Figure 205: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	582
	Figure 206: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	583
	Figure 207: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Data Service Revenue in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	583
	Figure 208: Small Cell Installed Base in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	584
	Figure 209: Small Cell Unit Shipments in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	584
	Figure 210: Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	585
	Figure 211: Small Cell Mobile Data Service Revenue in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	585
	Figure 212: Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	586
	Figure 213: Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	586
	Figure 214: Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	587
	Figure 215: Carrier WiFi Mobile Data Service Revenue in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	587
	Figure 216: C-RAN Revenue in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	588
	Figure 217: RRH Unit Shipments in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	588
	Figure 218: RRH Unit Shipment Revenue in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	589
	Figure 219: C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	589
	Figure 220: C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	590
	Figure 221: C-RAN BBU Revenue in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	590
	Figure 222: DAS Node Unit Shipments in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	591
	Figure 223: DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	591
	Figure 224: Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	592
	Figure 225: C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	592
	Figure 226: SON Solution Spending in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	593
	Figure 227: SCaaS Revenue in Asia Pacific: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	593
	Figure 228: Annual Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic in Western Europe: 2010 – 2020 (Exabytes)	594
	Figure 229: Mobile Network Data Service Revenue in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	594
	Figure 230: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	595
	Figure 231: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	595
	Figure 232: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	596
	Figure 233: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Data Service Revenue in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	596
	Figure 234: Small Cell Installed Base in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	597
	Figure 235: Small Cell Unit Shipments in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	597
	Figure 236: Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	598
	Figure 237: Small Cell Mobile Data Service Revenue in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	598
	Figure 238: Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	599
	Figure 239: Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	599
	Figure 240: Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	600
	Figure 241: Carrier WiFi Mobile Data Service Revenue in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	600
	Figure 242: C-RAN Revenue in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	601
	Figure 243: RRH Unit Shipments in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	601
	Figure 244: RRH Unit Shipment Revenue in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	602
	Figure 245: C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	602
	Figure 246: C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	603
	Figure 247: C-RAN BBU Revenue in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	603
	Figure 248: DAS Node Unit Shipments in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	604
	Figure 249: DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	604
	Figure 250: Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	605
	Figure 251: C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	605
	Figure 252: SON Solution Spending in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	606
	Figure 253: SCaaS Revenue in Western Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	606
	Figure 254: Annual Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic in Eastern Europe: 2010 – 2020 (Exabytes)	607
	Figure 255: Mobile Network Data Service Revenue in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	607
	Figure 256: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	608
	Figure 257: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	608
	Figure 258: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	609
	Figure 259: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Data Service Revenue in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	609
	Figure 260: Small Cell Installed Base in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	610
	Figure 261: Small Cell Unit Shipments in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	610
	Figure 262: Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	611
	Figure 263: Small Cell Mobile Data Service Revenue in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	611
	Figure 264: Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	612
	Figure 265: Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	612
	Figure 266: Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	613
	Figure 267: Carrier WiFi Mobile Data Service Revenue in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	613
	Figure 268: C-RAN Revenue in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	614
	Figure 269: RRH Unit Shipments in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	614
	Figure 270: RRH Unit Shipment Revenue in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	615
	Figure 271: C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	615
	Figure 272: C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	616
	Figure 273: C-RAN BBU Revenue in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	616
	Figure 274: DAS Node Unit Shipments in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	617
	Figure 275: DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	617
	Figure 276: Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	618
	Figure 277: C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	618
	Figure 278: SON Solution Spending in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	619
	Figure 279: SCaaS Revenue in Eastern Europe: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	619
	Figure 280: Annual Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic in Middle East & Africa: 2010 – 2020 (Exabytes)	620
	Figure 281: Mobile Network Data Service Revenue in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	620
	Figure 282: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	621
	Figure 283: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	621
	Figure 284: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	622
	Figure 285: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Data Service Revenue in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	622
	Figure 286: Small Cell Installed Base in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	623
	Figure 287: Small Cell Unit Shipments in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	623
	Figure 288: Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	624
	Figure 289: Small Cell Mobile Data Service Revenue in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	624
	Figure 290: Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	625
	Figure 291: Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	625
	Figure 292: Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	626
	Figure 293: Carrier WiFi Mobile Data Service Revenue in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	626
	Figure 294: C-RAN Revenue in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	627
	Figure 295: RRH Unit Shipments in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	627
	Figure 296: RRH Unit Shipment Revenue in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	628
	Figure 297: C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	628
	Figure 298: C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	629
	Figure 299: C-RAN BBU Revenue in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	629
	Figure 300: DAS Node Unit Shipments in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	630
	Figure 301: DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	630
	Figure 302: Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	631
	Figure 303: C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	631
	Figure 304: SON Solution Spending in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	632
	Figure 305: SCaaS Revenue in Middle East & Africa: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	632
	Figure 306: Annual Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic in Latin & Central America: 2010 – 2020 (Exabytes)	633
	Figure 307: Mobile Network Data Service Revenue in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	633
	Figure 308: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	634
	Figure 309: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	634
	Figure 310: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	635
	Figure 311: Small Cell & Carrier WiFi Data Service Revenue in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	635
	Figure 312: Small Cell Installed Base in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	636
	Figure 313: Small Cell Unit Shipments in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	636
	Figure 314: Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	637
	Figure 315: Small Cell Mobile Data Service Revenue in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	637
	Figure 316: Carrier WiFi Installed Base in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	638
	Figure 317: Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	638
	Figure 318: Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	639
	Figure 319: Carrier WiFi Mobile Data Service Revenue in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	639
	Figure 320: C-RAN Revenue in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	640
	Figure 321: RRH Unit Shipments in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	640
	Figure 322: RRH Unit Shipment Revenue in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	641
	Figure 323: C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	641
	Figure 324: C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	642
	Figure 325: C-RAN BBU Revenue in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	642
	Figure 326: DAS Node Unit Shipments in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	643
	Figure 327: DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	643
	Figure 328: Small Cell Backhaul Infrastructure Spending in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	644
	Figure 329: C-RAN Fronthaul Infrastructure Spending in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	644
	Figure 330: SON Solution Spending in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	645
	Figure 331: SCaaS Revenue in Latin & Central America: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)	645
	Figure 332: Global HetNet Centric SON Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	648
	Figure 333: LTE-U Small Cell Concept	649
	Figure 334: Global LTE-U Small Cell Shipments: 2016 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	650
	Figure 335: Global LTE-U Small Cell Shipment Revenue: 2016 - 2020 ($ Million)	650
	Figure 336: C-RAN Investments in Japan & South Korea: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million)	652
	Figure 337: RRH vs. C-RAN Small Cell Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units)	654
	Figure 338: TCO Comparison between LTE and LMR Technologies	655
	Figure 339: Global Military, Tactical & Public Safety LTE Small Cell Shipments: 2015 – 2020	656
	Figure 340: Global Military, Tactical & Public Safety LTE Small Cell Shipment Revenue: 2015 – 2020 ($ Million)	657
	Figure 341: Global Spending on Enterprise RAN Solutions: 2015 - 2020 ($ Million)	659
	Figure 342: Small Cell RAN Infrastructure Vendor Share: 2014 (%)	661
	Figure 343: Carrier WiFi Infrastructure Vendor Share: 2014 (%)	662
	Figure 344: C-RAN Architecture Infrastructure Vendor Share: 2014 (%)	662
	Figure 345: DAS Infrastructure Vendor Share: 2014 (%)	663