The Wireless Network Infrastructure Ecosystem: 2015 – 2020 - Macrocell RAN, Small Cells, C-RAN, RRH, DAS, Carrier WiFi, Mobile Core, Backhaul & Fronthaul

Published: Apr, 2015 | Pages: 759 | Publisher: SNS Research
Industry: Telecommunications And Wireless | Report Format: Electronic (PDF)

The term “Wireless Network Infrastructure” has conventionally been associated with macrocell RAN (Radio Access Network) and mobile core network infrastructure. However, the scope of the term is expanding as wireless carriers increase their investments in Heterogeneous Network or HetNet infrastructure such as small cells, carrier WiFi and DAS (Distributed Antenna System) nodes, to cope with increasing capacity and coverage requirements.

In addition, wireless carriers are keen to shift towards a C-RAN (Centralized RAN) architecture, which centralizes baseband functionality to be shared across a large number of distributed radio nodes. In comparison to standalone clusters of base stations, C-RAN provides significant performance and economic benefits such as baseband pooling, enhanced coordination between cells, virtualization, network extensibility and energy efficiency.

Despite an ongoing decline in traditional macrocell RAN spending, the wider wireless network infrastructure market encompassing macrocell RAN, small cells, C-RAN, RRH, DAS, mobile core, backhaul and fronthaul infrastructure will continue to witness growth over the coming years. By the end of 2020, the market is expected to account for over $92 Billion in revenue. Complimenting this growth would be over $5 Billion worth of annual R&D investments on 5G mobile technology funded by regional, national government, wireless carrier and vendor initiatives.

The “Wireless Network Infrastructure Ecosystem: 2015 – 2020 - Macrocell RAN, Small Cells, C-RAN, RRH, DAS, Carrier WiFi, Mobile Core, Backhaul & Fronthaul” report presents an in-depth assessment of 10 individual submarkets of the wireless network infrastructure opportunity. Besides analyzing key market drivers, challenges, enabling technologies, investment trends, operator revenue potential, regional CapEx commitments, network rollout strategies, future roadmap, 5G R&D initiatives, value chain, vendor assessment and market share, the report also presents revenue and unit shipment forecasts for 10 submarkets from 2015 to 2020 at a regional as well as a global scale. Historical figures are also provided for 2010, 2011, 2013 and 2014.

The report comes with an associated Excel datasheet suite covering quantitative data from over 500 numeric forecasts presented in the report.

Key Findings:
The report has the following key findings:
 - Despite an ongoing decline in traditional macrocell RAN spending, the wider wireless network infrastructure market will continue to witness growth over the coming years. By the end of 2020, the market will account for over $92 Billion in revenue
 - Vendors are increasing their focus on profit margins. Many are already cutting staff, embracing operational excellence, evolving their new business models, acquiring niche businesses and expanding their managed services offerings
 - New CapEx commitment avenues such as HetNet infrastructure and virtualization will continue to usher industry restructuring, and market consolidation
 - As wireless carriers look to migrate towards scalable centralized baseband architectures, C-RAN investments will grow at a CAGR of 23% between 2015 and 2020. By the end of 2020, C-RAN investments will account for nearly $14 Billion
 - Developing market growth will be a significant factor during the forecast period, with China and India seeing some of the highest levels of growth, both in terms of shipments and in the size of their installed base
 - Due to investments in a single RAN technology, future LTE investments will cost much less than early investments of the technology
 - Supplemented with a drive towards C-RAN and virtualization, a limited amount of hardware installation will be needed when wireless carriers upgrade to LTE-Advanced and 5G networks in the future
 - By 2020, VoLTE subscriptions will surpass 700 Million, while nearly 60% of all LTE subscriptions will be served by LTE-Advanced networks
 - Driven by regional, national government, wireless carrier and vendor initiatives, we expect 5G R&D and trial investments will account for nearly $5 Billion by 2020, following a CAGR of nearly 40% over the next 5 years

Topics Covered:
The report covers the following topics:
 - Up-to-date coverage of market dynamics allowing wireless network infrastructure vendors to analyze opportunities and challenges of selling to wireless carriers in different regional markets
 - Analysis of demand and supply of wireless infrastructure. Research includes quantitative and qualitative market assessments as well as the forecasts of investment trends, technology requirements and deployment strategies for antenna, RAN, mobile core, backhaul and fronthaul deployments
 - Market analysis and forecasts for 10 individual submarkets and their subcategories: Macrocell RAN, small cell RAN, C-RAN BBU (Baseband Unit), RRH (Remote Radio Head), DAS (Distributed Antenna System), carrier WiFi, mobile core, macrocell backhaul, small cell backhaul and mobile fronthaul
 - Company profiles and strategies of over 350 ecosystem players including infrastructure vendors and enabling technology providers. The report also covers vendor market share for macrocell RAN, small cell RAN, C-RAN, DAS, carrier WiFi, mobile core and backhaul
 - Wireless network infrastructure value chain and future roadmap. The report also provides an assessment of the emerging 5G ecosystem, including key enabling technologies, R&D initiatives, investment commitments, vendor strategies and forecasts
 - Review of mobile network CapEx commitments, network subscriptions, traffic projections and service revenue, by technology and region
 - Market outlook for key technologies including TD-LTE, LTE-Advanced, VoLTE, RCS, LTE-Broadcast and LTE-U

Historical Revenue & Forecast Segmentation:
Market forecasts and historical revenue/unit shipment figures are provided for each of the following submarkets and their subcategories:
Submarkets
- Macrocell RAN
- Small Cell RAN
- C-RAN BBU (Baseband Unit)
- RRH (Remote Radio Head)
- DAS (Distributed Antenna System)
- Carrier WiFi
- Mobile Core
- Macrocell Backhaul
- Small Cell Backhaul
- Mobile Fronthaul

The following regional and technology markets are also covered:
Regional Markets
- Asia Pacific
- Eastern Europe
- Latin & Central America
- Middle East & Africa
- North America
- Western Europe

Technology Markets
- GSM
- CDMA/CDMA2000/EV-DO
- W-CDMA/HSPA
- LTE FDD
- TD-LTE
- WiMAX
- WiFi

Key Questions Answered:
The report provides answers to the following key questions:
 - How is the 2G, 3G & 4G wireless network infrastructure market evolving by segment and region? What will the market size be in 2020 and at what rate will it grow?
 - What trends, challenges and barriers are influencing its growth?
 - How will the market shape for small cell, C-RAN and DAS deployments?
 - Is Ethernet a feasible solution to for C-RAN fronthaul?
 - What are the future prospects of millimeter wave technology for backhaul, fronthaul and RAN deployments?
 - How will carrier WiFi fit into future mobile network architectures for access and offload?
 - Who are the key vendors in the market, what is their market share and what are their strategies?
 - What strategies should be adopted by wireless carriers and infrastructure vendors to remain a dominant market force?
 - Which 2G, 3G & 4G technology constitutes the highest amount of spending and how will this evolve overtime?
 - How will LTE deployments proceed, and how long will GSM, W-CDMA/HSPA and CDMA technologies co-exist with LTE?
 - When will WiMAX infrastructure spending diminish?
 - What is the global and regional outlook for each individual sub-market including macrocell RAN, small cells, C-RAN, RRH, DAS, carrier WiFi, mobile core, macrocell backhaul, small cell backhaul and mobile fronthaul?
 - What is the outlook for TD-LTE, LTE-Advanced, VoLTE, RCS, LTE-Broadcast and LTE-U technologies?
 - Do emerging virtualization technologies such as NFV (Network Functions Virtualization) pose a threat to traditional wireless infrastructure vendors?
 - How much will vendors and operators invest in 5G R&D?
How low is the TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) of a HetNet deployment in comparison to a homogeneous macrocell RAN network?

 Table of Contents
1	Chapter 1: Introduction	45
1.1	Executive Summary	45
1.2	Topics Covered	47
1.3	Historical Revenue & Forecast Segmentation	48
1.4	Key Questions Answered	49
1.5	Key Findings	51
1.6	Methodology	53
1.7	Target Audience	54
1.8	Companies & Organizations Mentioned	55
		
2	Chapter 2: An Overview of Wireless Network Infrastructure	61
2.1	What is the Wireless Network Infrastructure Market?	61
2.2	2G: GSM & CDMA	62
2.2.1	2G Trends & Developments	64
2.2.2	2G Market Summary	64
2.3	3G: W-CDMA, TD-SCDMA & CDMA2000	66
2.3.1	3G Trends & Developments	67
2.3.2	3G Market Summary	68
2.4	4G: LTE, LTE-Advanced & WiMAX	70
2.4.1	4G Trends & Developments	70
2.4.2	4G Market Summary	71
2.5	Macrocell RAN Market for 2G/3G/4G	73
2.5.1	Macrocell RAN Trends & Developments	74
2.6	HetNet RAN Market for 2G/3G/4G	75
2.6.1	HetNet RAN Trends & Developments	76
2.6.2	Small Cells	76
2.6.3	C-RAN	76
2.6.4	DAS	77
2.6.5	Carrier WiFi	77
2.7	Mobile Core	78
2.7.1	Mobile Core Trends & Developments	78
2.8	Mobile Backhaul & Fronthaul	81
2.8.1	Mobile Backhaul/Fronthaul Trends & Developments	82
		
3	Chapter 3: Market Drivers, Barriers & Risks	83
3.1	Market Drivers	83
3.1.1	Mobile Subscriptions Growth	83
3.1.1.1	Asia Pacific	85
3.1.1.2	Eastern Europe	86
3.1.1.3	Latin & Central America	87
3.1.1.4	Middle East & Africa	88
3.1.1.5	North America	89
3.1.1.6	Western Europe	90
3.1.2	Smartphone & Tablet Proliferation	91
3.1.3	Growing Penetration of Mobile Broadband	92
3.1.4	Mobile Data Traffic Growth	94
3.1.5	Interest from Vertical Markets	96
3.1.6	Reducing the TCO (Total Cost of Ownership)	97
3.1.7	Replacement of TDM with Ethernet: Continued Growth in Backhaul	98
3.1.8	Advances in Spectrum Flexibility & Carrier Aggregation: Driving HetNet Deployments	99
3.1.9	Strategic Choice for CDMA & WiMAX Operators: Join Mainstream Ecosystem	99
3.1.10	Addressing Legacy Network Congestion	100
3.1.11	Bringing Broadband to the Masses	100
3.1.12	Trend Summary: Which Segments of the Wireless Infrastructure Market Will Witness Growth?	100
3.2	Barriers & Risks	101
3.2.1	CapEx Commitments	101
3.2.2	Spectrum Scarcity	101
3.2.3	RAN Sharing: A Concept Embraced by Operators	101
3.2.4	Operators Are Finding Innovative Ways to Address Capacity Issues	102
3.2.5	Social, Political, Economic and Environmental Threats	102
3.2.6	Country Specific Risks	103
3.3	Key Strategic Options for Operators	104
3.4	Business Case for Investments in New and Existing Technologies	104
3.4.1	Gain Operational Efficiencies Through Strategic Investments	104
3.4.2	Invest in Capacity for Increased Revenue Opportunities	105
3.4.3	Deliver Best User Experience	105
3.4.4	Reduce Competitive Threats	105
3.4.5	Reserve Network Capacity the M2M Opportunities	106
3.4.6	Increase Customer Satisfaction	106
3.4.7	Capitalize on Differentiation Strategies	106
3.4.8	Evolve towards the Next Generation	107
		
4	Chapter 4: Mobile Network CapEx Review	108
4.1	Global Mobile Network CapEx	108
4.2	Regional Split	109
4.3	Key Operator Commitments	110
4.3.1	China Mobile	111
4.3.2	China Unicom	111
4.3.3	AT&T Mobility	112
4.3.4	Vodafone Group	112
4.3.5	Verizon Wireless	113
4.3.6	China Telecom	113
4.3.7	NTT DoCoMo	114
4.3.8	Sprint Corporation	114
4.3.9	SoftBank Corporation	115
4.3.10	T-Mobile US	115
4.3.11	KDDI	116
4.3.12	DT (Deutsche Telekom)	116
4.3.13	MTS (Mobile TeleSystems)	117
4.3.14	Orange	117
4.3.15	Telenor Group	118
4.3.16	SK Telecom	118
4.3.17	Vivo	119
4.3.18	TIM Brazil	119
4.3.19	LG Uplus	120
4.3.20	Telkomsel	120
4.3.21	Megafon	121
4.3.22	Bharti Airtel	121
4.3.23	Movistar Venezuela	122
4.3.24	TIM (Telecom Italia Mobile)	122
4.3.25	Vimpelcom	123
4.4	Asia Pacific Mobile Network CapEx	124
4.5	Eastern Europe Mobile Network CapEx	125
4.6	Latin & Central America Mobile Network CapEx	126
4.7	Middle East & Africa Mobile Network CapEx	127
4.8	North America Mobile Network CapEx	128
4.9	Western Europe Mobile Network CapEx	129
		
5	Chapter 5: Mobile Network Subscriptions & Service Revenue Review	130
5.1	Global Mobile Network Subscriptions	130
5.2	Global Mobile Network Service Revenue	131
5.3	Segmentation by Technology	132
5.3.1	Mobile Network Subscriptions by Technology	132
5.3.2	Mobile Network Service Revenue by Technology	133
5.4	GSM Subscriptions & Service Revenue	134
5.5	iDEN Subscriptions & Service Revenue	135
5.6	CDMA Subscriptions & Service Revenue	136
5.7	W-CDMA/HSPA Subscriptions & Service Revenue	137
5.8	TD-SCDMA Subscriptions & Service Revenue	138
5.9	FDD LTE Subscriptions & Service Revenue	139
5.10	TD-LTE Subscriptions & Service Revenue	140
5.11	WiMAX Subscriptions & Service Revenue	141
5.12	Regional Split	142
5.12.1	Mobile Network Subscriptions by Region	142
5.12.2	Mobile Network Service Revenue by Region	143
5.13	Service Split	144
5.13.1	Mobile Network Service Revenue by Service Type	144
5.13.2	Voice Service Revenue	145
5.13.3	SMS/MMS Service Revenue	145
5.13.4	Mobile Broadband Service Revenue	146
5.14	Asia Pacific Mobile Network Subscriptions & Service Revenue	147
5.15	Eastern Europe Mobile Network Subscriptions & Service Revenue	148
5.16	Latin & Central America Mobile Network Subscriptions & Service Revenue	149
5.17	Middle East & Africa Mobile Network Subscriptions & Service Revenue	150
5.18	North America Mobile Network Subscriptions & Service Revenue	151
5.19	Western Europe Mobile Network Subscriptions & Service Revenue	152
		
6	Chapter 6: Wireless Network Deployment Strategies	153
6.1	Antenna & RAN Strategies	153
6.1.1	Single RAN vs. Overlay Deployment	153
6.1.2	Adopting an RRH and FTTA Design	154
6.1.3	Migrating Towards C-RAN Architecture	155
6.1.4	Optimal Antenna Selection	156
6.1.5	Interference Limitation Strategies	156
6.1.6	Managing Co-Existence with Legacy 3G/2G RF Sites	156
6.2	Mobile Core Strategies	157
6.2.1	Integration of Functions & Virtualization	157
6.2.2	Deployment Architecture Choices	157
6.2.3	Supporting Legacy Networks	158
6.2.4	Integration with IMS	158
6.2.5	Embedding DPI for Policy Enforcement & Network Optimization	158
6.3	Backhaul & Fronthaul Strategies	159
6.3.1	Architectural Impact of X2 Interface	159
6.3.2	LTE-Advanced Requirements	159
6.3.3	Growing Backhaul Capacity & Latency Requirements	160
6.3.4	IPsec	160
6.3.5	Technology Options: Fiber, Microwave & Millimeter Wave	161
6.3.6	Developing a HetNet Backhaul Strategy	161
6.3.7	Synchronization and Timing	161
6.3.8	Backhaul Sharing	162
6.3.9	Fronthaul Options: Fiber vs. Wireless	162
		
7	Chapter 7: Industry Roadmap & Value Chain	163
7.1	Industry Roadmap	163
7.1.1	Initial LTE FDD Rollouts: 2010 - 2011	163
7.1.2	Rise of the HetNet Ecosystem: 2012 - 2013	164
7.1.3	A Wave of TD-LTE and LTE-Advanced Deployments: 2014 - 2016	164
7.1.4	Moving Towards Virtualized Infrastructure: 2017 - 2019	165
7.1.5	Start of the 5G Era: 2020 & Beyond	165
7.2	Value Chain	166
7.3	Embedded Technology Ecosystem	166
7.3.1	Chipset Developers	166
7.3.2	Embedded Component/Software Providers	166
7.4	RAN Ecosystem	168
7.4.1	Macrocell RAN OEMs	168
7.4.2	Pure-Play and Specialist Small Cell OEMs	168
7.4.3	WiFi Access Point OEMs	168
7.4.4	DAS & Repeater Solution Providers	168
7.4.5	C-RAN Solution Providers	169
7.4.6	Other Technology & Network Component Providers/Enablers	169
7.5	Mobile Backhaul & Fronthaul Ecosystem	169
7.5.1	Backhaul & Fronthaul Solution Providers	169
7.6	Mobile Core Ecosystem	169
7.6.1	Core Network Infrastructure & Software Providers	169
7.7	Connectivity Ecosystem	170
7.7.1	2G, 3G & 4G Wireless Carriers	170
7.7.2	WiFi Connectivity Providers	172
7.7.3	SCaaS (Small Cells as a Service) Providers	172
7.8	SON Ecosystem	172
7.8.1	SON Solution Providers	172
7.9	SDN & NFV Ecosystem	172
7.9.1	SDN & NFV Providers	172
		
8	Chapter 8: Vendor Landscape	173
8.1	Vendor Outlook	173
8.1.1	Pricing & Growth Sustainability	173
8.1.2	Portfolio Diversification	173
8.2	Vendor Ranking	174
8.2.1	Macrocell RAN & Mobile Core	174
8.2.2	Small Cell RAN	177
8.2.3	C-RAN	177
8.2.4	DAS	178
8.2.5	Carrier WiFi	179
8.2.6	Mobile Backhaul	179
		
9	Chapter 9: Wireless Network Infrastructure Incumbents	180
9.1	Alcatel-Lucent	180
9.2	Cisco Systems	182
9.3	Ericsson	183
9.4	Fujitsu	185
9.5	Hitachi	186
9.6	Huawei	187
9.7	NEC Corporation	188
9.8	Nokia Networks	189
9.9	Samsung Electronics	190
9.10	ZTE	192
		
10	Chapter 10: Macrocell RAN, Small Cell, C-RAN & Mobile Core Specialists	193
10.1	Accelleran	193
10.2	Adax	194
10.3	ADB	195
10.4	Affirmed Networks	196
10.5	Airspan Networks	197
10.6	Airvana	198
10.7	Alpha Networks	199
10.8	Altiostar Networks	200
10.9	Arcadyan Technology Corporation	201
10.10	Argela	202
10.11	ARItel	203
10.12	Artemis Networks	204
10.13	Askey Computer Corporation	205
10.14	ASOCS	206
10.15	Athena Wireless Communications (Google)	207
10.16	Axxcelera Broadband Wireless (Moseley Associates)	208
10.17	Brocade Communications Systems	209
10.18	Casa Systems	210
10.19	CCI (Competitive Companies, Inc.)	211
10.20	Contela	212
10.21	Connectem (Brocade)	213
10.22	CS Corporation	214
10.23	Datang Mobile	215
10.24	Dongwon T&I	216
10.25	Femtel (Suzhou Femtel Communications)	217
10.26	Gemtek Technology Company	218
10.27	GENBAND	219
10.28	GWT (Global Wireless Technologies)	220
10.29	HP (Hewlett-Packard Company)	221
10.30	ip.access	222
10.31	Juni Global	223
10.32	Juniper Networks	224
10.33	Lemko	225
10.34	LGS Innovations	226
10.35	Mavenir (Mitel)	227
10.36	New Postcom Equipment Company	228
10.37	NewNet Communication Technologies	229
10.38	Nutaq	230
10.39	Oceus Networks	231
10.40	Panda Electronics (Nanjing Panda Electronics Company)	232
10.41	Parallel Wireless	233
10.42	Polaris Networks	234
10.43	Potevio (China Potevio Company)	235
10.44	Quanta Computer	236
10.45	Qucell	237
10.46	Quortus	238
10.47	Redline Communications	239
10.48	Sagemcom	240
10.49	Samji Electronics Company	241
10.50	SerComm Corporation	242
10.51	SK Telesys	243
10.52	SpiderCloud Wireless	244
10.53	Star Solutions	246
10.54	Sunnada (Fujian Sunnada Communication Company)	247
10.55	Taqua	248
10.56	Tecom	249
10.57	TEKTELIC Communications	250
10.58	Telum	251
10.59	Telrad Networks	252
10.60	WNC (Wistron NeWeb Corporation)	253
10.61	Z-Com (ZDC Wireless)	254
		
11	Chapter 11: Antenna, DAS & Repeater Solution Specialists	255
11.1	AceAxis	255
11.2	ADRF (Advanced RF Technologies)	255
11.3	Affarii Technologies	256
11.4	American Tower Corporation	256
11.5	Arqiva	257
11.6	Axis Teknologies	257
11.7	Black Box Corporation	258
11.8	BTI Wireless	259
11.9	CCI (Communication Components Inc.)	260
11.10	CCI (Crown Castle International)	261
11.11	CCI Systems	262
11.12	Cobham Wireless	263
11.13	Comba Telecom Systems Holdings	264
11.14	CommScope	265
11.15	Corning	266
11.16	Dali Wireless	267
11.17	DeltaNode (Bird Technologies)	268
11.18	Ethertronics	269
11.19	ExteNet Systems	270
11.20	Foxcom	271
11.21	Galtronics	271
11.22	Goodman Networks	272
11.23	GrenTech (China GrenTech Corporation)	273
11.24	JRC (Japan Radio Company)	274
11.25	JMA Wireless	275
11.26	Kisan Telecom	276
11.27	KMW	276
11.28	Kathrein-Werke KG	277
11.29	MER-CellO Wireless Solutions	278
11.30	Microlab (Wireless Telecom Group)	279
11.31	MTI Mobile	280
11.32	Nexius	281
11.33	Nextivity	282
11.34	RF Window	283
11.35	RFS (Radio Frequency Systems)	284
11.36	Rosenberger	285
11.37	SOLiD (SOLiD Technologies)	286
11.38	Sumitomo Electric Industries	287
11.39	TESSCO Technologies	288
11.40	Westell Technologies	289
11.41	Zinwave	290
		
12	Chapter 12: Carrier WiFi Specialists	291
12.1	4ipnet	291
12.2	ABB	292
12.3	Accuris Networks	293
12.4	Aerohive Networks	294
12.5	Alvarion Technologies	295
12.6	Aptilo Networks	296
12.7	Aruba Networks	297
12.8	Autelan	298
12.9	BandwidthX	299
12.10	Birdstep Technology	300
12.11	Browan Communications	301
12.12	BSG Wireless	302
12.13	D-Link Corporation	303
12.14	Edgewater Wireless Systems	304
12.15	EION Wireless	305
12.16	Firetide	306
12.17	Fortinet	307
12.18	Front Porch	308
12.19	GoNet Systems	309
12.20	Handlink Technologies	310
12.21	Meru Networks	311
12.22	Netgem	312
12.23	NETGEAR	313
12.24	Nomadix	314
12.25	Panasonic Corporation	315
12.26	Ro-Timak Technology	316
12.27	Ruckus Wireless	317
12.28	Senao Networks	318
12.29	Smith Micro Software	319
12.30	SpectrumMax	320
12.31	Syniverse Technologies	321
12.32	TP-LINK Technologies	322
12.33	Tranzeo Wireless Technologies	323
12.34	Ubiquiti Networks	324
12.35	WeFi	325
12.36	Zebra Technologies Corporation	326
12.37	ZyXEL	327
		
13	Chapter 13: Enabling Technology Providers	328
13.1	6WIND	328
13.2	Ablaze Wireless	329
13.3	Accelink Technologies	330
13.4	ADLINK Technology	331
13.5	ADI (Analog Devices Inc.)	332
13.6	AirHop Communications	333
13.7	AKM (Asahi Kasei Microdevices)	334
13.8	Allot Communications	335
13.9	Altera Corporation	336
13.10	Amarisoft	337
13.11	Amdocs	338
13.12	Anite	339
13.13	Anritsu Corporation	340
13.14	Aricent	341
13.15	ARM Holdings	342
13.16	Astellia	343
13.17	ASTRI (Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute)	344
13.18	Avago Technologies	345
13.19	Azcom Technology	346
13.20	Benetel	347
13.21	Blu Wireless Technology	348
13.22	Broadcom	349
13.23	Cadence Design Systems	350
13.24	Cavium	351
13.25	CeedTec	352
13.26	Cellwize	353
13.27	Celtro	354
13.28	Coherent Logix	355
13.29	Comcores ApS	356
13.30	CommAgility	357
13.31	ConteXtream	358
13.32	Cyan	359
13.33	D2 Technologies	360
13.34	Dell	361
13.35	Direct Beam	362
13.36	eASIC Corporation	363
13.37	Eden Rock Communications	364
13.38	EDX Wireless	365
13.39	Eoptolink Technology	366
13.40	ERCOM	367
13.41	EXFO	368
13.42	EZchip Semiconductor	369
13.43	Federated Wireless	370
13.44	Faraday Technology Corporation	371
13.45	Finisar Corporation	372
13.46	GigaLight (Shenzhen Gigalight Technology Company)	373
13.47	GlobalFoundaries	374
13.48	Hisense (Hisense Broadband Multimedia Technology)	375
13.49	HG Genuine	376
13.50	IMEC International	377
13.51	InfoVista	378
13.52	InnoLight Technology Corporation	379
13.53	Intel Corporation	380
13.54	InterDigital	382
13.55	iPosi	383
13.56	Ixia	384
13.57	JDSU (JDS Uniphase Corporation)	385
13.58	Keysight Technologies	386
13.59	Kumu Networks	387
13.60	Lattice Semiconductor	388
13.61	Lime Microsystems	389
13.62	Macom (M/A-COM Technology Solutions)	390
13.63	Maxim Integrated	391
13.64	Microsemi Corporation	392
13.65	Mitsubishi Electric Corporation	393
13.66	Mobiveil	394
13.67	Molex	395
13.68	Nash Technologies	396
13.69	Node-H	397
13.70	Nomor Research	398
13.71	NXP Semiconductors	399
13.72	OE Solutions	400
13.73	Octasic	401
13.74	Optulink	402
13.75	P.I. Works	403
13.76	Pletronics	404
13.77	PMC-Sierra	405
13.78	Procera Networks	406
13.79	Public Wireless	407
13.80	Qualcomm	408
13.81	Qulsar	409
13.82	QEOS	410
13.83	Qwilt	411
13.84	RADCOM	412
13.85	Radisys Corporation	413
13.86	Rakon	414
13.87	Red Hat	415
13.88	Reverb Networks	416
13.89	RF DSP	417
13.90	Saguna Networks	418
13.91	SAI Technology	419
13.92	Sistelbanda	420
13.93	Source Photonics	421
13.94	Tata Elxsi	422
13.95	TEOCO Corporation	423
13.96	TI (Texas Instruments)	424
13.97	Tulinx	425
13.98	U-blox	426
13.99	Vectron International	427
13.100	VPIsystems	428
13.101	WiPro	429
13.102	XCellAir	430
13.103	Xelic	431
13.104	Xilinx	432
		
14	Chapter 14: Mobile Backhaul & Fronthaul Vendors	433
14.1	3Roam	433
14.2	4RF	433
14.3	Accedian Networks	434
14.4	Actelis Networks	435
14.5	Actiontec	435
14.6	Actus Networks	435
14.7	ADTRAN	436
14.8	ADVA Optical Networking	437
14.9	Advantech Wireless	437
14.10	ALAXALA Networks	437
14.11	Albis Technologies	438
14.12	ALCOMA	438
14.13	Allied Data Technologies	438
14.14	Allied Telesis	439
14.15	Aquantia	439
14.16	Arris	440
14.17	Avanti Communications	440
14.18	Aviat Networks	441
14.19	AVM	442
14.20	BLiNQ Networks	442
14.21	BluWan	443
14.22	BridgeWave Communications	444
14.23	BTI Systems	445
14.24	CableFree Solutions	445
14.25	Calix	445
14.26	Cambium Networks	446
14.27	Canoga Perkins	447
14.28	Carlson Wireless Technologies	447
14.29	CBNL (Cambridge Broadband Networks Ltd.)	448
14.30	CCS (Cambridge Communication Systems)	449
14.31	Ceragon	450
14.32	Cielo Networks	451
14.33	Ciena Corporation	451
14.34	Comtrend	451
14.35	Corecess	452
14.36	DASAN Networks	452
14.37	DragonWave	453
14.38	E-Band Communications (Moseley Associates)	454
14.39	E-Blink	455
14.40	ECI Telecom	456
14.41	Elva-1	456
14.42	Exalt Communications	457
14.43	Extreme Networks	458
14.44	FastBack Networks	459
14.45	Fiberhome Technologies	460
14.46	FibroLan	460
14.47	Genmix Technology	461
14.48	Gilat Satellite Networks	461
14.49	HFR	462
14.50	Huahuan	462
14.51	Hughes Network Systems	463
14.52	HXI	463
14.53	iDirect	464
14.54	Intracom Telecom	465
14.55	IPITEK	466
14.56	Iskratel	466
14.57	KEYMILE	466
14.58	LightPointe Communications	467
14.59	Loea Corporation	468
14.60	MAX4G	468
14.61	Microwave Networks	469
14.62	MIMOtech	470
14.63	MRV Communications	471
14.64	Nexcomm Systems	471
14.65	NexxComm Wireless	471
14.66	Omnitron Systems	472
14.67	OneAccess Networks	472
14.68	Overture Networks	472
14.69	Polewall	473
14.70	Positron	473
14.71	Proxim Wireless Corporation	474
14.72	RACOM	475
14.73	RAD Data Communications	475
14.74	RADWIN	476
14.75	SAF Tehnika	477
14.76	SIAE Microelectronics (SIAE Microelectronica)	477
14.77	Siklu	478
14.78	SkyFiber	479
14.79	SMC Networks	479
14.80	Solectek	479
14.81	Star Microwave	480
14.82	Tarana Wireless	480
14.83	Telco Systems	481
14.84	Tellabs	481
14.85	Tellion	482
14.86	Tellumat	482
14.87	Telsey	482
14.88	Tilgin	483
14.89	Trango Systems	483
14.90	Transmode	483
14.91	Ubiquoss	484
14.92	UTStarcom	484
14.93	Vubiq Networks	484
14.94	Wave1	485
14.95	Wavesight	485
14.96	Xavi Technologies	485
14.97	Yamaha Corporation	486
14.98	Zhone Technologies	486
		
15	Chapter 15: Global Market Analysis & Forecasts	487
15.1	Market Definition	487
15.2	Decomposing the Global Wireless Network Infrastructure Market	487
15.3	Macrocell RAN & Mobile Core	490
15.3.1	2G/3G vs. 4G Macrocell RAN & Mobile Core Revenue	491
15.3.2	Macrocell RAN & Mobile Core Revenue by Region	492
15.4	Macrocell RAN Submarket	493
15.4.1	Macrocell RAN Revenue	493
15.4.2	Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipments	494
15.4.3	Segmentation by Infrastructure Component	495
15.4.4	Segmentation by Region	496
15.4.5	Segmentation by Technology	497
15.4.6	Base Station Segmentation by Region	498
15.4.7	Base Station Segmentation by Technology	499
15.4.8	GSM Base Station Shipments & Revenue	500
15.4.9	CDMA2000/EV-DO Base Station Shipments & Revenue	501
15.4.10	TD-SCDMA Base Station Shipments & Revenue	502
15.4.11	W-CDMA/HSPA Base Station Shipments & Revenue	503
15.4.12	LTE FDD Base Station Shipments & Revenue	504
15.4.13	TD-LTE Base Station Shipments & Revenue	505
15.4.14	WiMAX Base Station Shipments & Revenue	506
15.4.15	Base Station Controller Segmentation by Region	507
15.4.16	Base Station Controller Segmentation by Technology	507
15.4.17	GSM Base Station Controller Revenue	508
15.4.18	CDMA2000 Base Station Controller Revenue	508
15.4.19	TD-SCDMA Base Station Controller Revenue	509
15.4.20	W-CDMA Base Station Controller Revenue	509
15.5	Mobile Core Submarket	510
15.5.1	Segmentation by Region	511
15.5.2	Segmentation by Technology	511
15.5.3	3G Packet Core Submarket	512
15.5.4	WiMAX ASN & CSN Submarket	513
15.5.5	EPC Submarket	514
15.6	HLR (Home Location Register) Submarket	515
15.6.1	Segmentation by Region	516
15.7	MSS (Mobile Switching Subsystem) Submarket	517
15.7.1	Segmentation by Region	518
15.7.2	Segmentation by Submarket	518
15.7.3	Mobile Switching Center	519
15.7.4	Mobile Soft Switch	519
15.8	Small Cell RAN Submarket	520
15.8.1	Small Cell Revenue	520
15.8.2	Small Cell Unit Shipments	521
15.8.3	Segmentation by Region	522
15.8.4	Segmentation by Air Interface Technology	523
15.8.5	GSM/W-CDMA/HSPA Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue	524
15.8.6	CDMA2000/EV-DO Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue	525
15.8.7	LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue	526
15.8.8	TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue	527
15.8.9	WiMAX Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue	528
15.8.10	Segmentation by Cell Size	529
15.8.11	Microcell Unit Shipments & Revenue	530
15.8.12	Picocell Unit Shipments & Revenue	531
15.8.13	Femtocell Unit Shipments & Revenue	532
15.9	C-RAN Submarket	533
15.9.1	C-RAN Revenue	533
15.9.2	Segmentation by Region	534
15.9.3	Segmentation by Submarket	534
15.9.4	RRH (Remote Radio Head) Unit Shipments & Revenue	535
15.9.5	C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments & Revenue	536
15.9.6	C-RAN BBU (Baseband Unit) Revenue	537
15.9.7	Mobile Fronthaul Revenue	537
15.10	DAS Submarket	538
15.10.1	DAS Revenue	538
15.10.2	DAS Node Unit Shipments	538
15.10.3	Segmentation by Region	539
15.10.4	Indoor vs. Outdoor Segmentation	540
15.10.5	Indoor DAS Node Unit Shipments & Revenue	541
15.10.6	Outdoor DAS Node Unit Shipments & Revenue	542
15.11	Carrier WiFi Submarket	543
15.11.1	Carrier WiFi Revenue	543
15.11.2	Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments	544
15.11.3	Segmentation by Region	545
15.11.4	Segmentation by Equipment Type	546
15.11.5	Carrier WiFi Access Point Unit Shipments & Revenue	547
15.11.6	Carrier WiFi Access Point Controller Unit Shipments & Revenue	548
15.11.7	Segmentation by Integration Approach	549
15.11.8	Managed WiFi Offload Access Point Unit Shipments & Revenue	550
15.11.9	Unmanaged ‘Open Access’ WiFi Access Point Unit Shipments & Revenue	551
15.12	Macrocell Backhaul Submarket	552
15.12.1	Segmentation by Region	553
15.12.2	Segmentation by Technology	554
15.12.3	ATM	555
15.12.4	Coaxial Cable	555
15.12.5	DSL	556
15.12.6	Ethernet over Copper	556
15.12.7	Ethernet over Fiber	557
15.12.8	Microwave Radio	557
15.12.9	PDH	558
15.12.10	PON	558
15.12.11	Satellite	559
15.12.12	SONET, SDH & WDM	559
15.12.13	WiMAX	560
15.13	Small Cell Backhaul Submarket	561
15.13.1	Segmentation by Region	562
15.13.2	Segmentation by Technology	563
15.13.3	Ethernet over Copper	564
15.13.4	Ethernet over Fiber	564
15.13.5	DSL	565
15.13.6	NLOS Microwave (Below 6 GHz)	565
15.13.7	PTP Microwave (6-60 GHz)	566
15.13.8	PTMP Microwave (6-60 GHz)	566
15.13.9	Millimeter Wave (unlicensed 60 GHz)	567
15.13.10	Millimeter Wave (licensed 71-76, 81-86 GHz)	567
15.13.11	Satellite	568
		
16	Chapter 16: Regional Market Analysis & Forecasts	569
16.1	Asia Pacific	569
16.1.1	Macrocell RAN	569
16.1.2	Macrocell RAN Base Stations	570
16.1.3	GSM Base Stations	571
16.1.4	CDMA2000/EV-DO Base Stations	572
16.1.5	TD-SCDMA Base Stations	573
16.1.6	W-CDMA/HSPA Base Stations	574
16.1.7	LTE FDD Base Stations	575
16.1.8	TD-LTE Base Stations	576
16.1.9	WiMAX Base Stations	577
16.1.10	Base Station Controller	578
16.1.11	GSM Base Station Controller	578
16.1.12	CDMA2000 Base Station Controller	579
16.1.13	TD-SCDMA Base Station Controller Revenue	579
16.1.14	W-CDMA Base Station Controller Revenue	580
16.1.15	Mobile Core	580
16.1.16	3G Packet Core	581
16.1.17	WiMAX ASN & CSN	581
16.1.18	EPC	582
16.1.19	HLR	582
16.1.20	MSS	583
16.1.21	Small Cell RAN	583
16.1.22	C-RAN	584
16.1.23	RRH	585
16.1.24	C-RAN Small Cells	586
16.1.25	C-RAN BBU	587
16.1.26	Mobile Fronthaul	587
16.1.27	DAS	588
16.1.28	Carrier WiFi	589
16.1.29	Macrocell Backhaul	590
16.1.30	Small Cell Backhaul	590
16.2	Eastern Europe	591
16.2.1	Macrocell RAN	591
16.2.2	Macrocell RAN Base Stations	591
16.2.3	GSM Base Stations	592
16.2.4	CDMA2000/EV-DO Base Stations	593
16.2.5	W-CDMA/HSPA Base Stations	594
16.2.6	LTE FDD Base Stations	595
16.2.7	TD-LTE Base Stations	596
16.2.8	WiMAX Base Stations	597
16.2.9	Base Station Controller	598
16.2.10	GSM Base Station Controller	599
16.2.11	CDMA2000 Base Station Controller	599
16.2.12	W-CDMA Base Station Controller Revenue	600
16.2.13	Mobile Core	600
16.2.14	3G Packet Core	601
16.2.15	WiMAX ASN & CSN	601
16.2.16	EPC	602
16.2.17	HLR	602
16.2.18	MSS	603
16.2.19	Small Cell RAN	603
16.2.20	C-RAN	604
16.2.21	RRH	605
16.2.22	C-RAN Small Cells	606
16.2.23	C-RAN BBU	607
16.2.24	Mobile Fronthaul	607
16.2.25	DAS	608
16.2.26	Carrier WiFi	609
16.2.27	Macrocell Backhaul	610
16.2.28	Small Cell Backhaul	610
16.3	Latin & Central America	611
16.3.1	Macrocell RAN	611
16.3.2	Macrocell RAN Base Stations	611
16.3.3	GSM Base Stations	612
16.3.4	CDMA2000/EV-DO Base Stations	613
16.3.5	W-CDMA/HSPA Base Stations	614
16.3.6	LTE FDD Base Stations	615
16.3.7	TD-LTE Base Stations	616
16.3.8	WiMAX Base Stations	617
16.3.9	Base Station Controller	618
16.3.10	GSM Base Station Controller	619
16.3.11	CDMA2000 Base Station Controller	619
16.3.12	W-CDMA Base Station Controller Revenue	620
16.3.13	Mobile Core	620
16.3.14	3G Packet Core	621
16.3.15	WiMAX ASN & CSN	621
16.3.16	EPC	622
16.3.17	HLR	622
16.3.18	MSS	623
16.3.19	Small Cell RAN	623
16.3.20	C-RAN	624
16.3.21	RRH	625
16.3.22	C-RAN Small Cells	626
16.3.23	C-RAN BBU	627
16.3.24	Mobile Fronthaul	627
16.3.25	DAS	628
16.3.26	Carrier WiFi	629
16.3.27	Macrocell Backhaul	630
16.3.28	Small Cell Backhaul	630
16.4	Middle East & Africa	631
16.4.1	Macrocell RAN	631
16.4.2	Macrocell RAN Base Stations	631
16.4.3	GSM Base Stations	632
16.4.4	CDMA2000/EV-DO Base Stations	633
16.4.5	W-CDMA/HSPA Base Stations	634
16.4.6	LTE FDD Base Stations	635
16.4.7	TD-LTE Base Stations	636
16.4.8	WiMAX Base Stations	637
16.4.9	Base Station Controller	638
16.4.10	GSM Base Station Controller	639
16.4.11	CDMA2000 Base Station Controller	639
16.4.12	W-CDMA Base Station Controller Revenue	640
16.4.13	Mobile Core	640
16.4.14	3G Packet Core	641
16.4.15	WiMAX ASN & CSN	641
16.4.16	EPC	642
16.4.17	HLR	642
16.4.18	MSS	643
16.4.19	Small Cell RAN	643
16.4.20	C-RAN	644
16.4.21	RRH	645
16.4.22	C-RAN Small Cells	646
16.4.23	C-RAN BBU	647
16.4.24	Mobile Fronthaul	647
16.4.25	DAS	648
16.4.26	Carrier WiFi	649
16.4.27	Macrocell Backhaul	650
16.4.28	Small Cell Backhaul	650
16.5	North America	651
16.5.1	Macrocell RAN	651
16.5.2	Macrocell RAN Base Stations	651
16.5.3	GSM Base Stations	652
16.5.4	CDMA2000/EV-DO Base Stations	653
16.5.5	W-CDMA/HSPA Base Stations	654
16.5.6	LTE FDD Base Stations	655
16.5.7	TD-LTE Base Stations	656
16.5.8	WiMAX Base Stations	657
16.5.9	Base Station Controller	658
16.5.10	GSM Base Station Controller	659
16.5.11	CDMA2000 Base Station Controller	659
16.5.12	W-CDMA Base Station Controller Revenue	660
16.5.13	Mobile Core	660
16.5.14	3G Packet Core	661
16.5.15	WiMAX ASN & CSN	661
16.5.16	EPC	662
16.5.17	HLR	662
16.5.18	MSS	663
16.5.19	Small Cell RAN	663
16.5.20	C-RAN	664
16.5.21	RRH	665
16.5.22	C-RAN Small Cells	666
16.5.23	C-RAN BBU	667
16.5.24	Mobile Fronthaul	667
16.5.25	DAS	668
16.5.26	Carrier WiFi	669
16.5.27	Macrocell Backhaul	670
16.5.28	Small Cell Backhaul	670
16.6	Western Europe	671
16.6.1	Macrocell RAN	671
16.6.2	Macrocell RAN Base Stations	671
16.6.3	GSM Base Stations	672
16.6.4	CDMA2000/EV-DO Base Stations	673
16.6.5	W-CDMA/HSPA Base Stations	674
16.6.6	LTE FDD Base Stations	675
16.6.7	TD-LTE Base Stations	676
16.6.8	WiMAX Base Stations	677
16.6.9	Base Station Controller	678
16.6.10	GSM Base Station Controller	679
16.6.11	CDMA2000 Base Station Controller	679
16.6.12	W-CDMA Base Station Controller Revenue	680
16.6.13	Mobile Core	680
16.6.14	3G Packet Core	681
16.6.15	WiMAX ASN & CSN	681
16.6.16	EPC	682
16.6.17	HLR	682
16.6.18	MSS	683
16.6.19	Small Cell RAN	683
16.6.20	C-RAN	684
16.6.21	RRH	685
16.6.22	C-RAN Small Cells	686
16.6.23	C-RAN BBU	687
16.6.24	Mobile Fronthaul	687
16.6.25	DAS	688
16.6.26	Carrier WiFi	689
16.6.27	Macrocell Backhaul	690
16.6.28	Small Cell Backhaul	690
		
17	Chapter 17: The Emerging 5G Ecosystem & Technology	691
17.1	What is 5G?	691
17.2	5G Requirements	691
17.2.1	Data Volume	692
17.2.2	Throughput	692
17.2.3	Response Time & Latency	692
17.2.4	Device Density	692
17.2.5	Availability & Coverage	692
17.2.6	Battery Life	693
17.2.7	Energy Saving & Cost Reduction	693
17.3	5G Market Drivers	694
17.3.1	Why the Need for a 5G Standard?	694
17.3.2	Improving Spectrum Utilization	694
17.3.3	Advances in Air Interface Transmission Schemes	694
17.3.4	Gigabit Wireless Connectivity: Supporting Future Services	695
17.3.5	Moving Towards IoT (Internet of Things): Increasing Device Density	695
17.3.6	Towards a Flatter Network Architecture	695
17.4	Challenges & Inhibitors to 5G	696
17.4.1	Skepticism	696
17.4.2	Standardization Challenges: Too Many Stakeholders	696
17.4.3	Spectrum Regulation & Complexities	696
17.4.4	Massive MIMO, Beamforming & Antenna Technology Issues	697
17.4.5	Higher Frequencies Mean New Infrastructure	697
17.4.6	Complex Performance Requirements	698
17.4.7	Energy Efficiency & Technology Scaling	698
17.5	5G Applications & Use Cases	699
17.5.1	Extreme Bandwidth Applications: Video, Internet Gaming & Augmented Reality	699
17.5.2	MTC/M2M, IoT & Ubiquitous Communications	699
17.5.2.1	Short-burst Traffic	700
17.5.3	Vertical Industries & Safety Critical Domains	700
17.5.3.1	Automotive	700
17.5.3.2	Energy & Smart Grids	701
17.5.3.3	Transport & Logistics	701
17.5.3.4	Healthcare	701
17.5.3.5	Smart Cities	701
17.5.3.6	Public Safety	702
17.5.3.7	Fitness & Sports	702
17.6	Key Technologies & Concepts	703
17.6.1	Air Interface: Waveform Options	703
17.6.2	Massive MIMO	704
17.6.3	Phased Array Antennas	705
17.6.4	Beamforming	705
17.6.5	D2D (Device to Device) Communications	706
17.6.6	Self-Backhauling & Mesh Networking	707
17.6.7	Cognitive Radio & Spectrum Sensing	707
17.6.8	LSA (Licensed Shared Access)	708
17.6.9	Spectrum Aggregation	709
17.6.10	Integration of VLC (Visible Light Communication)	709
17.7	Complimentary Technologies	710
17.7.1	NFV & SDN	710
17.7.2	HetNet & C-RAN Architecture	711
17.7.2.1	Will C-RAN be the Default 5G Network Architecture?	711
17.7.3	Drones & Satellites	713
17.7.3.1	Satellite Integration in 5G Networks	713
17.7.3.2	Google and Facebook’s Drone Ambitions	713
17.7.3.3	Interest from Wireless Carriers	713
		
18	Chapter 18: 5G Investments & Future Forecast	714
18.1	How Much is Being Invested in 5G?	714
18.2	Global 5G Subscriptions: 2020 - 2025	715
18.2.1	Asia Pacific 5G Subscriptions: 2020 – 2025	716
18.2.2	Eastern Europe 5G Subscriptions: 2020 – 2025	716
18.2.3	Latin & Central America 5G Subscriptions: 2020 – 2025	717
18.2.4	Middle East & Africa 5G Subscriptions: 2020 – 2025	717
18.2.5	North America 5G Subscriptions: 2020 – 2025	718
18.2.6	Western Europe 5G Subscriptions: 2020 – 2025	718
		
19	Chapter 19: 5G Spectrum Assessment	719
19.1	Spectrum Options for 5G	719
19.2	Sub-1 GHz	719
19.3	3-4 GHz	719
19.4	5 GHz	720
19.5	15 GHz	720
19.6	28 GHz	720
19.7	60/70/80 GHz	720
19.8	Higher Bands	721
		
20	Chapter 20: 5G Standardization & Research Initiatives	722
20.1	ITU-R (ITU Radiocommunications Sector)	722
20.2	3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project)	723
20.3	GSMA (GSM Association)	723
20.4	NGMN (Next Generation Mobile Networks) Alliance	724
20.5	TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association)	724
20.6	European Commission Initiatives	725
20.6.1	METIS	725
20.6.2	5GPPP (5G Public-Private Partnership)	726
20.6.3	5GNOW (5th Generation Non-Orthogonal Waveforms for Asynchronous Signaling)	726
20.7	National Government Initiatives	727
20.7.1	Korea’s 5G Forum	727
20.7.2	Japan’s ARIB 20B AH (2020 and Beyond AdHoc)	727
20.7.3	China’s IMT-2020	727
20.7.4	China’s 863-5G Project	727
20.8	Academic Initiatives	728
20.8.1	5GIC (5G Innovation Center, University of Surrey)	728
20.8.2	NYU WIRELESS (New York University)	728
		
21	Chapter 21: 5G Vendor Demonstrations, Commitments & Strategies	729
21.1	Alcatel-Lucent	729
21.2	Ericsson	730
21.3	Fujitsu	731
21.4	Huawei	732
21.5	Intel Corporation	733
21.6	NEC Corporation	734
21.7	Nokia Networks	735
21.8	Qualcomm	736
21.9	Samsung Electronics	737
21.10	ZTE	738
		
22	Chapter 22: Conclusion & Strategic Recommendations	739
22.1	Is Virtualization a Threat to the Wireless Network Infrastructure Market?	739
22.2	Enterprise RAN Deployments Gain Traction	740
22.3	Vendor Specific HetNet Offerings: Disrupting Traditional Network Architectures	740
22.4	Moving Towards C-RAN Architecture	741
22.4.1	Global Deployment Prospects	741
22.4.2	From Centralized to Cloud RAN: Virtualizing the RAN	742
22.4.3	Fronthaul Transport: Are Cheaper Options Emerging?	742
22.4.4	Interface Options: Is Ethernet a Feasible Solution?	743
22.4.5	Distributing Baseband Intelligence: Towards C-RAN Small Cells	744
22.5	Standardization Driving RAN & WiFi Integration	745
22.6	Outlook for LTE-Advanced	746
22.6.1	Upgrades for Capacity & Coverage Boosts	746
22.6.2	Moving Beyond Carrier Aggregation	746
22.6.3	Service Revenue Prospects	747
22.7	TD-LTE Deployments Gain Traction	748
22.7.1	China Mobile: Starting an Era of Large-Scale TD-LTE Deployments	748
22.7.2	Offload Opportunities with TD-LTE Small Cells	748
22.7.3	Capitalizing on Tight Interworking Between TDD and FDD	748
22.8	Outlook for VoLTE & RCS	749
22.9	Bringing LTE-Broadcast & eMBMS into Focus	750
22.10	Outlook for LTE-U	750
22.11	Smart Cities: Wireless Infrastructure Vendors to Lead the Way	751
22.12	Wireless Incumbents Could Face Cloud Rivals: Thanks to SDN & NFV	752
22.13	Spectrum: Driving Continued Acquisitions by Incumbent Operators	752
22.14	Operators Will Strive for Agility	753
22.15	Vertical Market Opportunities	753
22.16	SWOT Analysis	755
22.17	Strategic Recommendations	756
22.17.1	Recommendations for Operators	756
22.17.2	Recommendations for Infrastructure Vendors	758

List of Figures		
	Figure 1: Subsegments of the Wireless Network Infrastructure Market	61
	Figure 2: Global GSM Networks: 1991 - 2014	63
	Figure 3: Global GSM Subscriptions: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	63
	Figure 4: Global W-CDMA & HSPA Subscriptions: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	67
	Figure 5: Global W-CDMA & HSPA Subscriptions (%): 2014	68
	Figure 6: Global LTE Commercial Network Launches: 2009 - 2014	71
	Figure 7: Macrocell RAN Component Segmentation by Technology	73
	Figure 8: HetNet RAN Component Segmentation by Technology	75
	Figure 9: Global VoLTE User Forecast: 2013 – 2020 (Millions)	80
	Figure 10: Mobile Backhaul Segmentation by Technology	81
	Figure 11: Global Mobile Network Subscriptions: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	83
	Figure 12: LTE Penetration by Region: 2010 – 2020 (%)	84
	Figure 13: LTE Penetration in Asia Pacific: 2010 – 2020 (%)	85
	Figure 14: LTE Penetration in Eastern Europe: 2010 – 2020 (%)	86
	Figure 15: LTE Penetration in Latin & Central America: 2010 – 2020 (%)	87
	Figure 16: LTE Penetration in Middle East & Africa: 2010 – 2020 (%)	88
	Figure 17: LTE Penetration in North America: 2010 – 2020 (%)	89
	Figure 18: LTE Penetration in Western Europe: 2010 – 2020 (%)	90
	Figure 19: Global Smartphone & Tablet Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Millions of Units)	91
	Figure 20: Global Smartphone vs. Feature & Basic Phone Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Millions of Units)	92
	Figure 21: Global Mobile Broadband & Voice Service Revenue Compared: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	93
	Figure 22: Annual Global Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic by Region: 2010 – 2020 (Exabytes)	94
	Figure 23: Annual Global Throughput of Mobile Network Data Traffic by Access Network Type: 2010 – 2020 (Exabytes)	95
	Figure 24: Private Public Safety LTE Infrastructure Spending: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million)	96
	Figure 25: Average Annual Traffic & Revenue Growth Compared for a Tier 1 Operator: 2010 – 2014 (%)	97
	Figure 26: TCO Comparison for 2G, 3G, LTE and HetNet Deployments ($ per GB)	98
	Figure 27: Strategic Options for Operators	104
	Figure 28: Global Mobile Network CapEx: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	108
	Figure 29: Mobile Network CapEx by Region: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	109
	Figure 30: Mobile Network CapEx by Operator ($ Billion)	110
	Figure 31: China Mobile CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	111
	Figure 32: China Unicom CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	111
	Figure 31: AT&T Mobility CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	112
	Figure 31: Vodafone CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	112
	Figure 31: Verizon Wireless CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	113
	Figure 31: China Telecom CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	113
	Figure 31: NTT DoCoMo CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	114
	Figure 31: Sprint CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	114
	Figure 31: SoftBank CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	115
	Figure 31: T-Mobile US CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	115
	Figure 31: KDDI CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	116
	Figure 31: DT (Deutsche Telekom) CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	116
	Figure 31: MTS (Mobile TeleSystems) CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	117
	Figure 31: Orange CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	117
	Figure 31: Telenor Group CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	118
	Figure 31: SK Telecom CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	118
	Figure 31: Vivo CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	119
	Figure 31: TIM Brazil CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	119
	Figure 31: LG Uplus CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	120
	Figure 31: Telkomsel CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	120
	Figure 31: Megafon CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	121
	Figure 31: Bharti Airtel CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	121
	Figure 31: Movistar Venezuela CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	122
	Figure 31: TIM (Telecom Italia Mobile) CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	122
	Figure 31: Vimpelcom CapEx Commitments ($ Billion)	123
	Figure 41: Asia Pacific Mobile Network CapEx: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	124
	Figure 42: Eastern Europe Mobile Network CapEx: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	125
	Figure 43: Latin & Central America Mobile Network CapEx: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	126
	Figure 44: Middle East & Africa Mobile Network CapEx: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	127
	Figure 45: North America Mobile Network CapEx: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	128
	Figure 46: Western Europe Mobile Network CapEx: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	129
	Figure 62: Global Mobile Network Subscriptions: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	130
	Figure 63: Global Mobile Network Service Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	131
	Figure 64: Global Mobile Network Subscriptions by Technology: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	132
	Figure 65: Global Mobile Network Service Revenue by Technology: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	133
	Figure 66: GSM Mobile Network Subscriptions: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	134
	Figure 67: GSM Mobile Network Service Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	134
	Figure 68: iDEN Mobile Network Subscriptions: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	135
	Figure 69: iDEN Mobile Network Service Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	135
	Figure 70: CDMA Mobile Network Subscriptions: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	136
	Figure 71: CDMA Mobile Network Service Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	136
	Figure 72: W-CDMA/HSPA Mobile Network Subscriptions: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	137
	Figure 73: W-CDMA/HSPA Mobile Network Service Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	137
	Figure 74: TD-SCDMA Mobile Network Subscriptions: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	138
	Figure 75: TD-SCDMA Mobile Network Service Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	138
	Figure 76: FDD LTE Mobile Network Subscriptions: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	139
	Figure 77: FDD LTE Mobile Network Service Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	139
	Figure 78: TD-LTE Mobile Network Subscriptions: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	140
	Figure 79: TD-LTE Mobile Network Service Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	140
	Figure 80: WiMAX Mobile Network Subscriptions: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	141
	Figure 81: WiMAX Mobile Network Service Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	141
	Figure 82: Mobile Network Subscriptions by Region: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	142
	Figure 83: Mobile Network Service Revenue by Region: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	143
	Figure 84: Mobile Network Subscriptions by Service Type: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	144
	Figure 85: Mobile Network Voice Service Revenue: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	145
	Figure 86: Mobile Network SMS/MMS Service Revenue: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	145
	Figure 87: Mobile Network Broadband Service Revenue: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	146
	Figure 88: Asia Pacific Mobile Network Subscriptions: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	147
	Figure 89: Asia Pacific Mobile Network Service Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	147
	Figure 90: Eastern Europe Mobile Network Subscriptions: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	148
	Figure 91: Eastern Europe Mobile Network Service Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	148
	Figure 92: Latin & Central America Mobile Network Subscriptions: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	149
	Figure 93: Latin & Central America Mobile Network Service Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	149
	Figure 94: Middle East & Africa Mobile Network Subscriptions: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	150
	Figure 95: Middle East & Africa Mobile Network Service Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	150
	Figure 96: North America Mobile Network Subscriptions: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	151
	Figure 97: North America Mobile Network Service Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	151
	Figure 98: Western Europe Mobile Network Subscriptions: 2010 – 2020 (Millions)	152
	Figure 99: Western Europe Mobile Network Service Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	152
	Figure 100: RRH & FTTA Design	154
	Figure 101: Legacy RAN to C-RAN Architectural Migration	155
	Figure 102: The Wireless Network Infrastructure Industry Roadmap: 2010 - 2020	163
	Figure 103: The Wireless Network Infrastructure Value Chain	167
	Figure 104: List of LTE Trials & Deployments	171
	Figure 105: Macrocell RAN Infrastructure Vendor Share: 2014 (%)	174
	Figure 106: Mobile Core Vendor Share: 2014 (%)	175
	Figure 107: LTE Infrastructure Vendor Share: 2014 (%)	175
	Figure 108: WiMAX Infrastructure Vendor Share: 2014 (%)	176
	Figure 109: 2G & 3G Infrastructure Vendor Share: 2014 (%)	176
	Figure 110: Small Cell RAN Infrastructure Vendor Share: 2014 (%)	177
	Figure 111: C-RAN Vendor Share: 2014 (%)	177
	Figure 112: DAS Vendor Share: 2014 (%)	178
	Figure 113: Carrier WiFi Infrastructure Vendor Share: 2014 (%)	179
	Figure 114: Mobile Backhaul Infrastructure Vendor Share: 2014 (%)	179
	Figure 115: Global Wireless Network Infrastructure Revenue by Submarket: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million)	488
	Figure 116: Global Wireless Network Infrastructure Market Share by Submarket: 2015 (%)	489
	Figure 117: Global Wireless Network Infrastructure Market Share by Submarket: 2020 (%)	489
	Figure 118: Global Macrocell RAN & Mobile Core Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million)	490
	Figure 119: Global 2G/3G vs. 4G Macrocell RAN & Mobile Core Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	491
	Figure 120: Macrocell RAN & Mobile Core Revenue by Region: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million)	492
	Figure 121: Global Macrocell RAN Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million)	493
	Figure 122: Global Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipments: 2010 – 2020	494
	Figure 123: Global Macrocell RAN Revenue by Infrastructure Component: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	495
	Figure 124: Macrocell RAN Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	496
	Figure 125: Global Macrocell RAN Revenue by Technology: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	497
	Figure 126: Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipments by Region: 2010 - 2020	498
	Figure 127: Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	498
	Figure 128: Global Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipments by Technology: 2010 - 2020	499
	Figure 129: Global Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue by Technology: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	499
	Figure 130: GSM Macrocell Base Station Shipments by Region: 2010 - 2020	500
	Figure 131: GSM Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	500
	Figure 132: CDMA2000/EV-DO Macrocell Base Station Shipments by Region: 2010 - 2020	501
	Figure 133: CDMA2000/EV-DO Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	501
	Figure 134: TD-SCDMA Macrocell Base Station Shipments by Region: 2010 - 2020	502
	Figure 135: TD-SCDMA Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	502
	Figure 136: W-CDMA/HSPA Macrocell Base Station Shipments by Region: 2010 - 2020	503
	Figure 137: W-CDMA/HSPA Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	503
	Figure 138: LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station Shipments by Region: 2010 - 2020	504
	Figure 139: LTE FDD Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	504
	Figure 140: TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station Shipments by Region: 2010 - 2020	505
	Figure 141: TD-LTE Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	505
	Figure 142: WiMAX Macrocell Base Station Shipments by Region: 2010 - 2020	506
	Figure 143: WiMAX Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	506
	Figure 144: Macrocell Base Station Controller Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	507
	Figure 145: Global Macrocell Base Station Controller Revenue by Technology: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	507
	Figure 146: GSM Base Station Controller Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	508
	Figure 147: CDMA2000 Base Station Controller Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	508
	Figure 148: TD-SCDMA Base Station Controller Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	509
	Figure 149: W-CDMA Base Station Controller Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	509
	Figure 150: Global Mobile Core Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million)	510
	Figure 151: Mobile Core Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	511
	Figure 152: Global Mobile Core Revenue by Technology: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	511
	Figure 153: Global 3G Packet Core Revenue by Submarket: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	512
	Figure 154: 3G Packet Core Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	512
	Figure 155: Global WiMAX ASN & CSN Revenue by Submarket: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	513
	Figure 156: WiMAX ASN & CSN Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	513
	Figure 157: EPC Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	514
	Figure 158: Global HLR Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million)	515
	Figure 159: HLR Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	516
	Figure 160: Global MSS Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million)	517
	Figure 161: MSS Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	518
	Figure 162: Global MSS Revenue by Submarket: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	518
	Figure 163: Global Mobile Switching Center Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	519
	Figure 164: Global Mobile Soft Switch Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	519
	Figure 165: Global Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million)	520
	Figure 166: Global Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units)	521
	Figure 167: Small Cell Unit Shipments by Region: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	522
	Figure 168: Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	522
	Figure 169: Global Small Cell Unit Shipments by Air Interface Technology: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	523
	Figure 170: Global Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue by Air Interface Technology: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	523
	Figure 171: Global GSM/W-CDMA/HSPA Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	524
	Figure 172: Global GSM/W-CDMA/HSPA Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	524
	Figure 173: Global CDMA2000/EV-DO Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	525
	Figure 174: Global CDMA2000/EV-DO Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	525
	Figure 175: Global LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	526
	Figure 176: Global LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	526
	Figure 177: Global TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	527
	Figure 178: Global TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	527
	Figure 179: Global WiMAX Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	528
	Figure 180: Global WiMAX Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	528
	Figure 181: Global Small Cell Unit Shipments by Cell Size: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	529
	Figure 182: Global Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue by Cell Size: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	529
	Figure 183: Global Microcell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	530
	Figure 184: Global Microcell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	530
	Figure 185: Global Picocell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	531
	Figure 186: Global Picocell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	531
	Figure 187: Global Femtocell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	532
	Figure 188: Global Femtocell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	532
	Figure 189: Global C-RAN Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million)	533
	Figure 190: C-RAN Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	534
	Figure 191: Global C-RAN Revenue by Submarket: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	534
	Figure 192: Global RRH Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	535
	Figure 193: Global RRH Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	535
	Figure 194: Global C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	536
	Figure 195: Global C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	536
	Figure 196: Global C-RAN BBU Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	537
	Figure 197: Global Mobile Fronthaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	537
	Figure 198: Global DAS Node Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	538
	Figure 199: Global DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	538
	Figure 200: DAS Node Unit Shipments by Region: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	539
	Figure 201: DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	539
	Figure 202: DAS Node Unit Shipments by Deployment Model: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	540
	Figure 203: DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue by Deployment Model: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	540
	Figure 204: Indoor DAS Node Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	541
	Figure 205: Indoor DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	541
	Figure 206: Outdoor DAS Node Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	542
	Figure 207: Outdoor DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	542
	Figure 208: Global Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million)	543
	Figure 209: Global Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units)	544
	Figure 210: Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments by Region: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	545
	Figure 211: Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	545
	Figure 212: Global Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments by Equipment Type: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	546
	Figure 213: Global Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue by Equipment Type: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	546
	Figure 214: Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	547
	Figure 215: Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	547
	Figure 216: Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Controller Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	548
	Figure 217: Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Controller Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	548
	Figure 218: Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Unit Shipments by Integration Approach: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	549
	Figure 219: Global Carrier WiFi Access Point Unit Shipment Revenue by Integration Approach: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	549
	Figure 220: Global Managed WiFi Offload Access Point Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	550
	Figure 221: Global Managed WiFi Offload Access Point Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	550
	Figure 222: Global Unmanaged ‘Open Access’ WiFi Access Point Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	551
	Figure 223: Global Unmanaged ‘Open Access’ WiFi Access Point Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	551
	Figure 224: Global Macrocell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million)	552
	Figure 225: Macrocell Backhaul Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	553
	Figure 226: Global Macrocell Backhaul Revenue by Technology: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	554
	Figure 227: Global ATM Macrocell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	555
	Figure 228: Global Coaxial Cable Macrocell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	555
	Figure 229: Global DSL Macrocell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	556
	Figure 230: Global Ethernet over Copper Macrocell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	556
	Figure 231: Global Ethernet over Fiber Macrocell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	557
	Figure 232: Global Microwave Radio Macrocell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	557
	Figure 233: Global PDH Macrocell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	558
	Figure 234: Global PON Macrocell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	558
	Figure 235: Global Satellite Macrocell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	559
	Figure 236: Global SONET, SDH & WDM Macrocell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	559
	Figure 237: Global WiMAX Macrocell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	560
	Figure 238: Global Small Cell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million)	561
	Figure 239: Small Cell Backhaul Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	562
	Figure 240: Global Small Cell Backhaul Revenue by Technology: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	563
	Figure 241: Global Ethernet over Copper Small Cell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	564
	Figure 242: Global Ethernet over Fiber Small Cell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	564
	Figure 243: Global DSL Small Cell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	565
	Figure 244: Global NLOS Microwave (Below 6 GHz) Small Cell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	565
	Figure 245: Global PTP Microwave (6-60 GHz) Small Cell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	566
	Figure 246: Global PTMP Microwave (6-60 GHz) Small Cell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	566
	Figure 247: Global Millimeter Wave (unlicensed 60 GHz) Small Cell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	567
	Figure 248: Global Millimeter Wave (licensed 71-76, 81-86 GHz) Small Cell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	567
	Figure 249: Global Satellite Small Cell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	568
	Figure 250: Asia Pacific Macrocell RAN Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	569
	Figure 251: Asia Pacific Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	570
	Figure 252: Asia Pacific Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	570
	Figure 253: Asia Pacific GSM Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	571
	Figure 254: Asia Pacific GSM Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	571
	Figure 255: Asia Pacific CDMA2000/EV-DO Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	572
	Figure 256: Asia Pacific CDMA2000/EV-DO Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	572
	Figure 257: Asia Pacific TD-SCDMA Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	573
	Figure 258: Asia Pacific TD-SCDMA Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	573
	Figure 259: Asia Pacific W-CDMA/HSPA Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	574
	Figure 260: Asia Pacific W-CDMA/HSPA Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	574
	Figure 261: Asia Pacific LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	575
	Figure 262: Asia Pacific LTE FDD Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	575
	Figure 263: Asia Pacific TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	576
	Figure 264: Asia Pacific TD-LTE Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	576
	Figure 265: Asia Pacific WiMAX Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	577
	Figure 266: Asia Pacific WiMAX Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	577
	Figure 267: Asia Pacific Macrocell Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	578
	Figure 268: Asia Pacific GSM Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	578
	Figure 269: Asia Pacific CDMA2000 Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	579
	Figure 270: Asia Pacific TD-SCDMA Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	579
	Figure 271: Asia Pacific W-CDMA Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	580
	Figure 272: Asia Pacific Mobile Core Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	580
	Figure 273: Asia Pacific 3G Packet Core Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	581
	Figure 274: Asia Pacific WiMAX ASN & CSN Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	581
	Figure 275: Asia Pacific EPC Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	582
	Figure 276: Asia Pacific HLR Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	582
	Figure 277: Asia Pacific MSS Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	583
	Figure 278: Asia Pacific Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	583
	Figure 279: Asia Pacific Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	584
	Figure 280: Asia Pacific C-RAN Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	584
	Figure 281: Asia Pacific RRH Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	585
	Figure 282: Asia Pacific RRH Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	585
	Figure 283: Asia Pacific C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	586
	Figure 284: Asia Pacific C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	586
	Figure 285: Asia Pacific C-RAN BBU Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	587
	Figure 286: Asia Pacific Mobile Fronthaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	587
	Figure 287: Asia Pacific DAS Node Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	588
	Figure 288: Asia Pacific DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	588
	Figure 289: Asia Pacific Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	589
	Figure 290: Asia Pacific Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	589
	Figure 291: Asia Pacific Macrocell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	590
	Figure 292: Asia Pacific Small Cell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	590
	Figure 293: Eastern Europe Macrocell RAN Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	591
	Figure 294: Eastern Europe Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	591
	Figure 295: Eastern Europe Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	592
	Figure 296: Eastern Europe GSM Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	592
	Figure 297: Eastern Europe GSM Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	593
	Figure 298: Eastern Europe CDMA2000/EV-DO Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	593
	Figure 299: Eastern Europe CDMA2000/EV-DO Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	594
	Figure 300: Eastern Europe W-CDMA/HSPA Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	594
	Figure 301: Eastern Europe W-CDMA/HSPA Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	595
	Figure 302: Eastern Europe LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	595
	Figure 303: Eastern Europe LTE FDD Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	596
	Figure 304: Eastern Europe TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	596
	Figure 305: Eastern Europe TD-LTE Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	597
	Figure 306: Eastern Europe WiMAX Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	597
	Figure 307: Eastern Europe WiMAX Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	598
	Figure 308: Eastern Europe Macrocell Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	598
	Figure 309: Eastern Europe GSM Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	599
	Figure 310: Eastern Europe CDMA2000 Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	599
	Figure 311: Eastern Europe W-CDMA Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	600
	Figure 312: Eastern Europe Mobile Core Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	600
	Figure 313: Eastern Europe 3G Packet Core Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	601
	Figure 314: Eastern Europe WiMAX ASN & CSN Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	601
	Figure 315: Eastern Europe EPC Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	602
	Figure 316: Eastern Europe HLR Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	602
	Figure 317: Eastern Europe MSS Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	603
	Figure 318: Eastern Europe Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	603
	Figure 319: Eastern Europe Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	604
	Figure 320: Eastern Europe C-RAN Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	604
	Figure 321: Eastern Europe RRH Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	605
	Figure 322: Eastern Europe RRH Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	605
	Figure 323: Eastern Europe C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	606
	Figure 324: Eastern Europe C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	606
	Figure 325: Eastern Europe C-RAN BBU Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	607
	Figure 326: Eastern Europe Mobile Fronthaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	607
	Figure 327: Eastern Europe DAS Node Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	608
	Figure 328: Eastern Europe DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	608
	Figure 329: Eastern Europe Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	609
	Figure 330: Eastern Europe Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	609
	Figure 331: Eastern Europe Macrocell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	610
	Figure 332: Eastern Europe Small Cell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	610
	Figure 333: Latin & Central America Macrocell RAN Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	611
	Figure 334: Latin & Central America Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	611
	Figure 335: Latin & Central America Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	612
	Figure 336: Latin & Central America GSM Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	612
	Figure 337: Latin & Central America GSM Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	613
	Figure 338: Latin & Central America CDMA2000/EV-DO Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	613
	Figure 339: Latin & Central America CDMA2000/EV-DO Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	614
	Figure 340: Latin & Central America W-CDMA/HSPA Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	614
	Figure 341: Latin & Central America W-CDMA/HSPA Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	615
	Figure 342: Latin & Central America LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	615
	Figure 343: Latin & Central America LTE FDD Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	616
	Figure 344: Latin & Central America TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	616
	Figure 345: Latin & Central America TD-LTE Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	617
	Figure 346: Latin & Central America WiMAX Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	617
	Figure 347: Latin & Central America WiMAX Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	618
	Figure 348: Latin & Central America Macrocell Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	618
	Figure 349: Latin & Central America GSM Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	619
	Figure 350: Latin & Central America CDMA2000 Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	619
	Figure 351: Latin & Central America W-CDMA Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	620
	Figure 352: Latin & Central America Mobile Core Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	620
	Figure 353: Latin & Central America 3G Packet Core Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	621
	Figure 354: Latin & Central America WiMAX ASN & CSN Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	621
	Figure 355: Latin & Central America EPC Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	622
	Figure 356: Latin & Central America HLR Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	622
	Figure 357: Latin & Central America MSS Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	623
	Figure 358: Latin & Central America Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	623
	Figure 359: Latin & Central America Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	624
	Figure 360: Latin & Central America C-RAN Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	624
	Figure 361: Latin & Central America RRH Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	625
	Figure 362: Latin & Central America RRH Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	625
	Figure 363: Latin & Central America C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	626
	Figure 364: Latin & Central America C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	626
	Figure 365: Latin & Central America C-RAN BBU Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	627
	Figure 366: Latin & Central America Mobile Fronthaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	627
	Figure 367: Latin & Central America DAS Node Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	628
	Figure 368: Latin & Central America DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	628
	Figure 369: Latin & Central America Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	629
	Figure 370: Latin & Central America Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	629
	Figure 371: Latin & Central America Macrocell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	630
	Figure 372: Latin & Central America Small Cell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	630
	Figure 373: Middle East & Africa Macrocell RAN Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	631
	Figure 374: Middle East & Africa Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	631
	Figure 375: Middle East & Africa Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	632
	Figure 376: Middle East & Africa GSM Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	632
	Figure 377: Middle East & Africa GSM Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	633
	Figure 378: Middle East & Africa CDMA2000/EV-DO Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	633
	Figure 379: Middle East & Africa CDMA2000/EV-DO Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	634
	Figure 380: Middle East & Africa W-CDMA/HSPA Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	634
	Figure 381: Middle East & Africa W-CDMA/HSPA Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	635
	Figure 382: Middle East & Africa LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	635
	Figure 383: Middle East & Africa LTE FDD Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	636
	Figure 384: Middle East & Africa TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	636
	Figure 385: Middle East & Africa TD-LTE Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	637
	Figure 386: Middle East & Africa WiMAX Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	637
	Figure 387: Middle East & Africa WiMAX Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	638
	Figure 388: Middle East & Africa Macrocell Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	638
	Figure 389: Middle East & Africa GSM Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	639
	Figure 390: Middle East & Africa CDMA2000 Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	639
	Figure 391: Middle East & Africa W-CDMA Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	640
	Figure 392: Middle East & Africa Mobile Core Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	640
	Figure 393: Middle East & Africa 3G Packet Core Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	641
	Figure 394: Middle East & Africa WiMAX ASN & CSN Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	641
	Figure 395: Middle East & Africa EPC Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	642
	Figure 396: Middle East & Africa HLR Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	642
	Figure 397: Middle East & Africa MSS Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	643
	Figure 398: Middle East & Africa Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	643
	Figure 399: Middle East & Africa Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	644
	Figure 400: Middle East & Africa C-RAN Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	644
	Figure 401: Middle East & Africa RRH Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	645
	Figure 402: Middle East & Africa RRH Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	645
	Figure 403: Middle East & Africa C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	646
	Figure 404: Middle East & Africa C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	646
	Figure 405: Middle East & Africa C-RAN BBU Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	647
	Figure 406: Middle East & Africa Mobile Fronthaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	647
	Figure 407: Middle East & Africa DAS Node Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	648
	Figure 408: Middle East & Africa DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	648
	Figure 409: Middle East & Africa Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	649
	Figure 410: Middle East & Africa Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	649
	Figure 411: Middle East & Africa Macrocell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	650
	Figure 412: Middle East & Africa Small Cell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	650
	Figure 413: North America Macrocell RAN Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	651
	Figure 414: North America Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	651
	Figure 415: North America Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	652
	Figure 416: North America GSM Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	652
	Figure 417: North America GSM Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	653
	Figure 418: North America CDMA2000/EV-DO Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	653
	Figure 419: North America CDMA2000/EV-DO Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	654
	Figure 420: North America W-CDMA/HSPA Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	654
	Figure 421: North America W-CDMA/HSPA Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	655
	Figure 422: North America LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	655
	Figure 423: North America LTE FDD Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	656
	Figure 424: North America TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	656
	Figure 425: North America TD-LTE Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	657
	Figure 426: North America WiMAX Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	657
	Figure 427: North America WiMAX Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	658
	Figure 428: North America Macrocell Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	658
	Figure 429: North America GSM Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	659
	Figure 430: North America CDMA2000 Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	659
	Figure 431: North America W-CDMA Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	660
	Figure 432: North America Mobile Core Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	660
	Figure 433: North America 3G Packet Core Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	661
	Figure 434: North America WiMAX ASN & CSN Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	661
	Figure 435: North America EPC Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	662
	Figure 436: North America HLR Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	662
	Figure 437: North America MSS Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	663
	Figure 438: North America Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	663
	Figure 439: North America Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	664
	Figure 440: North America C-RAN Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	664
	Figure 441: North America RRH Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	665
	Figure 442: North America RRH Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	665
	Figure 443: North America C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	666
	Figure 444: North America C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	666
	Figure 445: North America C-RAN BBU Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	667
	Figure 446: North America Mobile Fronthaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	667
	Figure 447: North America DAS Node Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	668
	Figure 448: North America DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	668
	Figure 449: North America Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	669
	Figure 450: North America Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	669
	Figure 451: North America Macrocell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	670
	Figure 452: North America Small Cell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	670
	Figure 453: Western Europe Macrocell RAN Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	671
	Figure 454: Western Europe Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	671
	Figure 455: Western Europe Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	672
	Figure 456: Western Europe GSM Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	672
	Figure 457: Western Europe GSM Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	673
	Figure 458: Western Europe CDMA2000/EV-DO Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	673
	Figure 459: Western Europe CDMA2000/EV-DO Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	674
	Figure 460: Western Europe W-CDMA/HSPA Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	674
	Figure 461: Western Europe W-CDMA/HSPA Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	675
	Figure 462: Western Europe LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	675
	Figure 463: Western Europe LTE FDD Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	676
	Figure 464: Western Europe TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	676
	Figure 465: Western Europe TD-LTE Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	677
	Figure 466: Western Europe WiMAX Macrocell Base Station Shipments: 2010 - 2020	677
	Figure 467: Western Europe WiMAX Macrocell RAN Base Station Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	678
	Figure 468: Western Europe Macrocell Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	678
	Figure 469: Western Europe GSM Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	679
	Figure 470: Western Europe CDMA2000 Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	679
	Figure 471: Western Europe W-CDMA Base Station Controller Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	680
	Figure 472: Western Europe Mobile Core Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	680
	Figure 473: Western Europe 3G Packet Core Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	681
	Figure 474: Western Europe WiMAX ASN & CSN Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	681
	Figure 475: Western Europe EPC Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	682
	Figure 476: Western Europe HLR Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	682
	Figure 477: Western Europe MSS Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	683
	Figure 478: Western Europe Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	683
	Figure 479: Western Europe Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	684
	Figure 480: Western Europe C-RAN Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	684
	Figure 481: Western Europe RRH Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	685
	Figure 482: Western Europe RRH Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	685
	Figure 483: Western Europe C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	686
	Figure 484: Western Europe C-RAN Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	686
	Figure 485: Western Europe C-RAN BBU Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	687
	Figure 486: Western Europe Mobile Fronthaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	687
	Figure 487: Western Europe DAS Node Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	688
	Figure 488: Western Europe DAS Node Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	688
	Figure 489: Western Europe Carrier WiFi Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units)	689
	Figure 490: Western Europe Carrier WiFi Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	689
	Figure 491: Western Europe Macrocell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	690
	Figure 492: Western Europe Small Cell Backhaul Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million)	690
	Figure 493: 5G Requirements	691
	Figure 494: Potential Waveform Options for 5G	703
	Figure 495: D2D Communication Scenarios	706
	Figure 496: LSA Concept	708
	Figure 497: C-RAN Architecture	712
	Figure 498: Global Investments in 5G R&D & Trials: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million)	714
	Figure 499: 5G Subscriptions by Region: 2020 – 2025 (Millions)	715
	Figure 500: Asia Pacific 5G Subscriptions: 2020 – 2025 (Millions)	716
	Figure 501: Eastern Europe 5G Subscriptions: 2020 – 2025 (Millions)	716
	Figure 502: Latin & Central America 5G Subscriptions: 2020 – 2025 (Millions)	717
	Figure 503: Middle East & Africa 5G Subscriptions: 2020 – 2025 (Millions)	717
	Figure 504: North America 5G Subscriptions: 2020 – 2025 (Millions)	718
	Figure 505: Western Europe 5G Subscriptions: 2020 – 2025 (Millions)	718
	Figure 506: Spectrum Options for 5G & Vendor Advocates	719
	Figure 507: METIS Members	725
	Figure 508: C-RAN Investments in Japan & South Korea: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million)	741
	Figure 509: RRH vs. C-RAN Small Cell Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units)	744
	Figure 510: LTE vs. LTE-Advanced Service Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	747
	Figure 511: Global LTE Service Revenue by Vertical Market: 2010 – 2020 ($ Billion)	754
	Figure 512: SWOT Analysis of the Wireless Network Infrastructure Market	755